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There are two purposes of thesis, the first is to determine: How efficient are Ready-To-Sell packaging solutions through IKEAs supply chain? And the second is to determine: To what level are Ready-To-Sell packaging solutions utilized at IKEA stores? If the solutions aren’t used as intended, what is the reason? Based on the result from the case study the objective is to: Identify possible potential
Uppsatsen handlar om det allmännas ansvar när myndigheter på olika sätt lämnar upplysningar och råd till enskilda. Historiskt har ett skadeståndsansvar för det allmännas offentliga verksamhet ansetts strida mot statssuveräniteten och principen ”the king can do no wrong”. Det var inte förrän vid skadeståndslagens (SkL) tillkomst år 1972 som det infördes ett ansvar när det allmänna orsakar skada i sThis thesis is about the Swedish public bodies liability when they provide information and advice to individuals. Historically, liability for negligent exercise of public authority has been considered to be contrary to public sovereignty and the principle 'the king can do no wrong'. It was not until the creation of the Tort Liability Act (TLA) in 1972 that a liability when public bodies ca
Problem Definition The TV landscape is changing, with technological progress the industry is moving to become a more personalised experience, where the consumer can choose what to watch and when. The entrance of on-demand video services and piracy are rewriting the way people consume their favourite series and movies, which opens up a new market with new opportunities. This new market is one where
The widespread use of artificial nestboxes has led to significant advances in our knowledge of the ecology, behaviour and physiology of cavity nesting birds, especially small passerines Nestboxes have made it easier to perform routine monitoring and experimental manipulation of eggs or nestlings, and also repeatedly to capture, identify and manipulate the parents However, when comparing results ac
Popular Abstract in Swedish De allra flesta människor har vid något tillfälle tagit ett läkemedel. Till exempel vaccineras nu för tiden alla svenska barn mot bland annat stelkramp. Vad nog de allra flesta däremot inte har gjort är att fundera på vad ett läkemedel är. Kanske sträcker man sig till att ha kollat upp ett läkemedel i FASS, och kanske får man då syn på en figur som består av streck och A method to accurately estimate the binding affinity of a small molecule to a receptor would be indispensable in numerous fields. For instance, most drugs exert their action by binding to a macromolecule target. Thus, a lot of time and resources could be saved in drug design by predicting affinities by computer programs. In a series of 15 papers, we have tested, compared, and improved the most p
A major problem when studying behavior and migration of small organisms is that many of the questions addressed for larger animals are not possible to formulate due to constraints on tracking smaller animals. In aquatic ecosystems, this problem is particularly problematic for zoo- and phytoplankton, since tracking devices are too heavy to allow the organism to act naturally. However, recent advanc
Previous studies report high and increasing iron (Fe) concentrations in boreal river mouths. This Fe has shown relatively high stability to salinity-induced aggregation in estuaries. The aim of this study was to understand how the speciation of Fe affects stability over salinity gradients. For Fe to remain in suspension interactions with organic matter (OM) are fundamental and these interactions c
Urbanisation is regarded as one of the most threatening global issues for wildlife, however, measuring its impact is not always straight forward. Oxidative stress physiology has been suggested to be a useful biomarker of health and therefore, a potentially important indicator of the impact that urban environmental stressors, especially air pollution, can have on wildlife. For example, nitrogen oxi
In Europe, there are still a significant amount of residential fires. Particularly fires in the living room are a major threat to the occupants. Much research has been done to residential fires. However, there is still little known about the impact of the development of building structures and building content on the fire behaviour and room conditions. This report shows a clear view of how these d
The GASMAS technique has previously proven useful for examining and measuring the oxygen concentration in the lungs of preterm infants. GASMAS can distinguish absorption by one gas from the bulk absorption of the surrounding media, and can provide an instant, non-invasive and non-destructive way of examining lungs, and diagnosing dangerous conditions such as pneumothorax. Pneumothorax can be life-
Throughout history industries have been located adjacent to water courses to use water in the process, for transport and release of wastewater. This is also the case along the Arboga river. Due to climate change the estimated increase and greater variations in temperature and precipitation may induce a greater risk of flood, landslide and erosion along Arboga river, increasing the spread of pollut
Widespread increases in iron (Fe) concentrations are contributing to ongoing browning of northern freshwaters, but the driver/s behind the trends are not known. Fe mobilization in soils is known to be controlled by redox conditions, pH, and DOC availability for complexation. Moreover, high sulfate concentrations have been suggested to constrain Fe in transition from soil to water, and declining su
Background: The term ‘legacy systems’ refers to existing Information Systems that have been deployed in the past and have been running critical business processes within an enterprise in its current IT architecture. Based on their important role, legacy systems are considered the heart of a company’s operating enterprise system and therefore are of significant business value to the company. Theref
Goal 13: Climate action There is no country that is not experiencing the drastic effects of climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions are more than 50 percent higher than in 1990. Global warming is causing long-lasting changes to our climate system, which threatens irreversible consequences if we do not act. https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-13-climate- ac
Direct lineage reprogramming of glial cells to induced neurons has the potential for restoring brain circuits and function in neuronal disorders and states. We introduce three-dimensional (3D) human glia reprogramming into neurons with a GABAergic interneuron phenotype using stem cell-derived human glia. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the converted cells demonstrates distinct neuronal clusters w
Models of community organization involve variations of the top-down (predator control) or bottom-up (nutrient limitation) hypotheses. Verbal models, however, can be interpreted in different ways leading to confusion. Therefore, we predict from first principles the range of possible trophic level interactions, and define mathematically the instantaneous effects of experimental perturbations. Some o
Rivers discharge a notable amount of dissolved Fe (1:5×109 mol yr-1) to coastal waters but are still not considered important sources of bioavailable Fe to open marine waters. The reason is that the vast majority of particular and dissolved riverine Fe is considered to be lost to the sediment due to aggregation during estuarine mixing. Recently, however, several studies demonstrated relatively hig
Land-use practices and their intensity along with climatic conditions alter amounts of soil organic carbon content and consequently influence soil microorganisms. However, land-use management, such as crop residue incorporation to soils has a potential to mitigate losses of soil organic carbon and thereafter promote the diversity of soil microorganisms. To gain insight of microbial functional dive
