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From experience, it has been well known that the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks significantly drops in dense settings, largely driven by poor capacity of the medium access control (MAC) layer. The current 802.11 MAC mechanism utilizes a contention window (CW) for random access, and the CW size is dictated to take discrete values from a bounded finite set. In this paper, wi
Background: There is a need for a prehospital stroke test that in addition to high sensitivity for stroke, also is able to communicate stroke severity similar to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Methods: The PreHospital Ambulance Stroke Test (PreHAST), an eight item test based on NIHSS, which scores stroke severity from 0-19 points, was designed and adapted for the ambulance
When load balancing data centres with all serversactive to serve jobs, the result can be excessive energy usage. Onthe other hand, using dynamic server provisioning, the numberof servers that serve requests can be reduced by turning off idleservers and thereby save energy. However, such a scheme, usuallyincreases the risk of instability of server queues. In this work,we analyze the trade-off betwe
Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) based distributed algorithms can attain the largest capacity region asthe centralized Max-Weight policy does. Despite their capabilityof achieving throughput-optimality, these algorithms can eitherincur large delay and have large complexity or only operateover non-fading channels. In this letter, by assuming arbitraryback-of
It has been known that load unaware channel selection in 802.11 networks results in high level interference, and can significantly reduce the network throughput. In current implementation, the only way to determine the traffic load on a channel is to measure that channel for a certain duration of time. Therefore, in order to find the best channel with the minimum load all channels have to be measu
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH)constitutes a large fraction of traffic in the mobile Internet.Mobile devices often use video delivery over Wi-Fi, which is asignificant energy drain. Dynamic Power Saving Mode (DPSM)is one of the most widely-used approaches for Wi-Fi devices tosave power and shorten packet delay. However, DPSM uses afixed timeout before a device goes to sleep, leading to
Objective. To determine the concentrations of aggrecan fragments in synovial fluid from patients with knee joint injury, osteoarthritis (OA), or acute pyrophosphate arthritis (PPA; pseudogout), and to test their relative reactivity with the 846 epitope, a putative marker of cartilage aggrecan synthesis. Methods. Samples of knee joint fluid from 385 patients and 9 healthy-knee volunteers were obtai
Recently, IEEE 802.11ax Task Group has adapted OFDMA as a new technique for enabling multi-user transmission. It has been also decided that the scheduling duration should be same for all the users in a multi-user OFDMA so that the transmission of the users should end at the same time. In order to realize that condition, the users with insufficient data should transmit null data (i.e. padding) to f
We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end persp
The enzymatic interesterification of a solvent-free, equimolar mixture of trilaurin and 1,3-palmitin-2-olein was studied using three immobilized lipase preparations as catalysts. Analysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) content and fatty acid (FA) distribution monitored the lipase-catalyzed interesterification in sn-1,3 positions and FA exchange in the sn-2 position caused by acyl migration. Lipase from
Background: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T helper type 2 (Th2) cell (CRTh2) receptor antagonists is being investigated for asthma. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the CRTh2 receptor antagonist, AZD1981 (with/without inhaled corticosteroids [ICSs]), on lung function and asthma control. Patients and methods: Adults aged 18–60 years were enr
We analyze the impacts of changing dry season length and intensity on vegetation productivity and biomass. Our results show a wetness asymmetry in dry ecosystems, with dry seasons becoming drier and wet seasons becoming wetter, likely caused by climate change. The increasingly intense dry seasons were consistently correlated with a decreasing trend in net primary productivity (NPP) and biomass fro
AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for easily administered objective tests in neurodevelopmental disorders. We investigated the clinical utility for child and adolescent psychiatry of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) as support in diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). MethodsTh
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Raised plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) have been linked to arterial stiffness, cerebral microbleeds, and vascular events. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of circulating levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 with risk for future intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).METHODS: The population-based MDCS cohort (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study;
User Generated Content (UGC) is projected to make up a significant part of the total Internet traffic in the future. As such, it will significantly contribute to the total cost for Internet traffic worldwide. Arguably, UGC is a suitable content type for which the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can take initiative and enter the content delivery market. However, despite its significance, UGC cont
Overheating in buildings is becoming a major concern and cause for various health issues. Existing research and previous studies on the issue were examined to acquire relevant information about the definition of overheating, its possible causes, and the heath impacts it could have on human health. The review included data on the current status of thermal comfort and overheating regulations in Swed
Studiens syfte är att genom ett urval av teoretiska utgångspunkter, undersöka de befintliga diskurserna i de svenska hovrätterna angående rättsfall där män fallit offer för sexuellt våld. Genom diskursanalys urskiljdes två huvuddiskurser i de sex rättsfallen: målsägandes fysiska, verbala eller icke motstånd, samt gärningsmannen som en “riktig man”. Inom dessa kunde även ett antal underdiskurser sy
Budgeten har i Sveriges kommuner en ledande roll som ekonomiskt styrinstrument. Budgeten uppfyller en rad olika syften inom områden som planering, kommunikation och kontroll. Ett mycket viktigt syfte med den kommunala budgeten är också resursfördelning. I kommuner får prioritering och fördelning av resurser ske med hjälp av budgetering. Budgetprocessens innehåll och tidsplan är av stor vikt för hu
Rätten till domstolsprövning är en grundläggande rättighet som enligt art. 6.1 EKMR ska gälla samtliga mål som rör den enskildes civila rättigheter. I Sverige är detta gällande rätt sedan EKMR:s inkorporerande i svensk lag i och med en lagändring av 2 kap. RF. Det framgår i dagsläget genom 2 kap. 19 § RF att ingen författning får stiftas i strid mot EKMR. I FL finns även en allmän bestämmelse om öThe right to judicial review is a fundamental right which according to art. 6.1 ECHR shall apply to all cases concerning an individual's civil rights. In Sweden, this is established law since the ECHR's incorporation into Swedish law with a change of the chapter two in The Instrument of Government. It states that no law may be enacted in violation of the ECHR. In The Administrative Procedu
