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Despite its robust framework the Russian led security alliance CSTO has shown an inconsistency in responding to crises among their member states. In 2022, amid growing anti-government protests in Kazakhstan, Kazakh president Tokayev called for military aid via the mutual security clause. Shortly after the request CSTO troops intervened. Later during the same year the Armenian prime minister Pashin
The aim of this study was to reach a better understanding on how quality education can be applied so that the needs, views and values of local actors are fulfilled at the same time as national principles and perspectives on education are considered. Three research questions guided our study: What patterns can be discerned among local stakeholders in three community schools in Lusaka, Zambia in the
Denna uppsats behandlar EU:s nya regler som förändrar kravet på prospekt - ett detaljerat informationsdokument som företag måste publicera när de erbju-der aktier till allmänheten eller noterar dem på en marknadsplats. Prospektet skyddar investerare genom att ge klar information om företaget, aktierna och riskerna, så att de kan fatta välgrundade beslut. Uppsatsen fokuserar på "tröskelvärdet&This essay discusses how the EU's new regulations change the requirement for prospectus - a detailed information document that companies must publish when offering shares to the public or listing them on a marketplace. The prospectus protects investors by providing clear information about the company, the shares, and the risks, enabling them to make well-informed investments. The essay focuses
Mervärdesskatten är ett av de mest harmoniserade områdena inom EU-rätten. En central del av mervärdesskattesystemet är rätten till avdrag för ingående mervärdesskatt. Många företag bedriver blandad verksamhet som innebär att en del verksamheten är mervärdesskattepliktig, medan en annan del inte är det. Fastighetsägare och bostadsrättsföreningar kan bedriva frivilligt beskattad uthyrning av lokalerValue Added Tax (VAT) is one of the most harmonized areas of EU law. A central element of the VAT system is the right to deduct input VAT. Mixed economic businesses include both VAT liable and VAT exempt activities. Landlords can have voluntary taxation of rental properties alongside permanent residences which are exempt from VAT. In such businesses, costs are often shared between the different ac
Coming from a predominantly Catholic country, Lithuanian immigrants in Scandinavia find themselves in a contrasting Protestant context of the host societies. This ethnographic study of diasporic Lithuanian communities and their transnational Catholic practices aims to understand what motivates immigrant Lithuanians to join the church in Sweden or Norway and whether this foreign environment influen
This article compares media representations of how Europe and Russia handled the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Belarus and Ukraine in the period 1992–2014. It shows that the official and alternative media in Belarus featured competing representations of Europe and Russia that were linked to the national narratives of the Belarusian authorities and opposition, while the official an
Law is everywhere – Rätten finns överallt. Det uttrycket kan beskriva rättens roll i våra liv. Utöver formella lagar, regleringar och avtal möter vi i vår vardag även informella lagar och sociala normer: i familjen, i skolan, på arbetsplatsen och i samhället i stort. De styr både hur vi tänker och agerar och vad vi förväntar oss av andra. Rättssociologi handlar om att analysera relationen mellan r
Background: Long-term follow-up studies of interventions for children exposed to intimate partner violence are few, and the sustainability of their outcomes often remains unexplored and uncertain. Current research including follow-up assessment suggests that treatment gains may be maintained or continue post termination. In addition some children may show increased levels of symptoms. Objective: T
Background.In some regions, including the Baltic Sea, fatty fish such as salmon and herring contain high levels of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. We investigated human exposure to these potentially toxic substances in relation to the consumption of fish from the Baltic Sea.Methods.Plasma levels of 10 different dibenzofurans and 7 dioxins were analyzed in three groups of Swedish
Many case-control studies have suggested that higher consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a lower risk or pancreatic cancer, whereas cohort studies do not support such an association. We examined the associations of the consumption of. fruits and vegetables and their main subgroups with pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
The Euro50 is an astronomical extremely large telescope for optical and infrared wavelength with a 50 m primary mirror. The telescope will have an elaborate control system ("live optics") to correct for atmospheric and telescope aberrations. To study and predict performance of the complete telescope system, an integrated model combining the structural model of the telescope, optics models, the con
AIM: To assess how drinking patterns and delinquency are associated with self-reported experiences of alcohol-related violence in an adolescent population. POPULATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional data were acquired from the Scania drug use survey 2005, consisting of 3847 students in 9th grade. Abstainers were omitted and 1873 responses analyzed, with binary and multi-variable logistic regr
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The principle of mutual trust has been a central pillar of the European integration project, first as a tool for market integration, and as the European Economic Community became the European Union, as a mechanism for a more wide ranging integration of the legal orders of the member states. The EU now has legislation in place which imposes obligations on member states to trust each other's civil a
Population ageing places pressure on pensions and health care services, creating an imperative to extend working lives. Alongside this, there has been increased political emphasis in Europe and elsewhere on the provision of care in the home. Many older people will increasingly be challenged by the responsibilities of caring for the sick, disabled and elderly, and participating in the labor market.
Supplying food for the anticipated global population of over 9 billion in 2050 under changing climate conditions is one of the major challenges of the 21st century. Agricultural expansion and intensification contributes to global environmental change and risks the long-term sustainability of the planet. It has been proposed that no more than 15% of the global ice-free land surface should be conver
Background: Treatment for cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) involves a multidisciplinary team of experts who aim to improve ones’ appearance, health-related quality of life, and speech function. To appropriately measure outcomes in CL/P from the patient perspective, a CL/P-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument is needed. The CLEFT-Q is a self-report PRO instrument developed to evaluate t
