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Water scarcity is one of the main challenges facing Middle Eastern countries. A typical country in this respect is Syria. This paper estimates projections for the available water resources, water balance, and available water per capita (AWPC) in Syria until 2050 in relation to possible future climate changes, national development agendas, water constraints, and water management alternatives. Resul

This chapter explains a historical overview of work organization strategies during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. It analyses the political and economic factors that affected the work time norms in the second half of the twentieth century, from around 1970 to 2000. The chapter discusses work organization in the changing world of low economic growth, decelerating increases in labour pr

Research Infrastructures (RIs) are tools for scientific research that have received increased attention in science policy in Europe in recent years, including the launch of specific governance bodies and a structured process of prioritization and organization of RI projects in the making. But there is no commonly accepted definition of what RIs are, and the category is both very varied and lacks h

Many of the calendrical records in Southeast Asia contain information on the longitudes of the Sun, the Moon and the planets—something that is valuable for the dating of these records. Both the Burmese and the Thai use calculation schemes for the longitudes of the Sun, the Moon, and the planets that are almost identical to the original Sūryasiddhānta schemes.

Since the founding of the field of Western esotericism, The Theosophical Society has been counted among the more obvious cases of the field's objects of study, regardless of how "Western esotericism" itself has been defined. This paper explores the connection between Western esotericism as a research field, esotericism as its object of study, and the Theosophical Society as an example of esoterici

Europe's relationships with the rest of the world have been, and will be, of crucial importance to understanding the changing nature of global politics and Europe's place on a globalisaing planet. In this chapter we will attempt to explore and explain these relationships froma variety of viewpoints as we consider the links between Europe and the world from fifteenth-century sea travel to twenty-fi

This chapter explores the value of gender equality in two areas of EU external relations: enlargement to include the accession countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and development policy with an emphasis on health, AIDS, and population policies. First, we will analyse the origins, history and institutionalisation of gender equality mechanisms in the European Union. Second, the impact of this v

We study the geometric significance of Leinster’s notion of magnitude for a compact metric space. For a smooth, compact domain X in an odd-dimensional Euclidean space, we show that the asymptotic expansion of the function MX(R) = Mag(R·X) at R = ∞ determines the Willmore energy of the boundary ∂X. This disproves the Leinster-Willerton conjecture for a compact convex body in odd dimensions.

The Association of Swedish Higher Education (SUHF) Experts’ Committee on Quality has research quality as one of its focus areas. The mission is to collect and discuss experiences and knowledge on how it may be possible to support and improve research quality in universities, to facilitate the exchange of ideas and to disseminate knowledge through written reports, seminars and other ac-tivities. Un