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The integrin CD103 is highly expressed at mucosal sites, but its role in mucosal immune regulation remains poorly understood. We have analyzed the functional role of CD103 in intestinal immune regulation using the T cell transfer model of colitis. Our results show no mandatory role for CD103 expression on T cells for either the development or CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (T reg) cell-mediated contro
BACKGROUND: The barrier properties of the gastrointestinal mucosa may be studied by measuring its permeability to different-sized marker molecules. Owing to difficulties in obtaining human tissue it is, however, often necessary to extrapolate findings from experimental animals to man. The aim of the present study was to compare regional intestinal mucosal permeability in man, the rat, and the pig,
The objective of the present study was to adapt and develop suitable methods to study the occurrence metabolites in the nutrient solution of hydroponically grown tomato. The organic-chemical nature of the nutrient solution from tomato grown in closed hydroponic systems was studied by supported liquid membrane technique (SLM) and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Further, w
Passive exposure to tobacco smoke was assessed in children with asthma (age 3-15) and in referents. There was statistically significantly (P less than 0.0005) higher excretion of the nicotine metabolite, cotinine, in the urine of 49 children with asthma (geometric mean 10 ng/ml) compared with 77 referents (4.8 ng/ml). Maternal smoking was statistically significantly more prevalent among the asthma
Being able to orient in the vicinity of the home and independently go shopping or visiting a friend can become increasingly difficult when a person suffers from memory decline. The adaption of traditional navigation apps based on satellite positioning could provide an aid, but there are several questions to investigate related to the design and function of such an app. These questions include how
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid diabetes råder en oförmåga att hålla nere blodsockret, i synnerhet efter en måltid. Under normala förhållanden orsakar en höjning av blodsockret att insulinfrisättningen stimuleras. Insulin ökar upptaget av glukos i vävnaderna i kroppen, vilket sänker blodsockret. Under vissa förhållanden, såsom fetma, minskar effekten av insulin, ett fenomen som även kallas insulinThe parasympathetic nerves are important for the regulation of insulin secretion, in particular after meal intake. Apart from acetylcholine, several neuropeptides can be found in the parasympathetic nerves innervating the islets of Langerhans, including gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP). Exogenous administration of either GRP or PACAP ha
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cholecystokinin (CCK) och gastrin är två välkända mag-tarmkanals hormoner. CCK namngavs efter sin förmåga att stimulera gallblåsans kontraktion och gastrin visade sig vara involverad i utsöndringen av magsyra. Allt eftersom antalet publikationer gällande dessa hormoner har vuxit har också en mångfald andra funktioner tillskrivits respektive hormon, bland annat har bäggeCholecystokinin (CCK) and the related hormone gastrin have been claimed to exert trophic effects in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. Two types of receptors for CCK and gastrin are known to exist, the CCK-A and the CCK-B receptor. They differ in their affinty for CCK and gastrin. The CCK-A receptor has about 500 times higher affinity for sulfated than for non-sulfated CCK and gastrin, while
Policymakers in publicly funded health-care systems are frequently required to make intricate decisions on which health-care services to include or exclude from the basic health-care package. Although it seems likely that the concept of individual responsibility is an essential feature of such decisions, it is rarely explicitly articulated or evaluated in health policy. This paper presents a tenta
The interaction of ink and newspaper has been investigated and the specific question of penetration of ink into the paper has been addressed with a nuclear microprobe using particle induced X-ray emission, The penetration depth of the newsprint is a critical factor in terms of increasing the quality of newsprint and minimising the amount of ink used. The objective of the experiment was to relate t
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a major risk factor for dyslipidemia, but this relationship is highly variable. Recently published data from 2 Danish cohorts suggest that genetic factors may underlie some of this variability.METHODS AND RESULTS: We tested whether established triglyceride-associated loci modify the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride concentrations in 2 Swedish cohorts (t
Abstract in UndeterminedIn this paper we describe and reflect upon a novel methodology using attention cards to facilitate communication, concentration and creativity in a user requirement workshop with seniors. Previous research indicates that seniors tend to lose focus and start cross talking during workshops, which results in broad and shallow findings. However, our findings indicate that the u
The recent developments in the field of biorefineries open new opportunities for the pulp and paper industry to diverse from classical carton and paper production to bio-based chemicals. The trend is thus to use the three key wood components hemicelluloses, lignin and cellulose as raw materials for production of a wide range of biochemicals. A key success factor is the integration of energy-effici
This paper estimates a "Grossman" model of demand for health. We measure health status on a 0 (dead) to 1 (full health) cardinal scale by the rating scale method and the time trade-off method. We also use a categorical measure of overall health status commonly used in quality of life measurements. To estimate the demand for health equations, the Tobit technique is used for the rating scale and tim
There is a need for research to identify effective implementation strategies for injury prevention training within real-world community sports. The aim of this ecological participatory study was to identify facilitators, among stakeholders at multiple levels, that could help injury prevention training become part of regular training routines in youth team handball. Concept mapping, a mixed-method
In 2005 a Greek and American interdisciplinary team investigated two shipwrecks off the coast of Chios dating to the 4th-century b.c. and the 2nd/1st century. The project pioneered archaeological methods of precision acoustic, digital image, and chemical survey using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and in-situ sensors, increasing the speed of data acquisition while decreasing costs. The AUV
Background: Deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN) may facilitate melanoma detection, but data comparing a CNN's diagnostic performance to larger groups of dermatologists are lacking.Methods: Google's Inception v4 CNN architecture was trained and validated using dermoscopic images and corresponding diagnoses. In a comparative cross-sectional reader study a 100-image test-set was used (l
