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We have analyzed theoretically the Zeeman splitting of hole-quantum-wire subband edges. As is typical for any bound state, their g factor depends on both an intrinsic g factor of the material and an additional contribution arising from a finite bound-state orbital angular momentum. We discuss the quantum-confinement-induced interplay between bulk-material and orbital effects, which is nontrivial d
Various physical limitations in electromagnetic theory and antenna theory have received considerable attention recently. However, there are no previous limitations on the scattering of higher order electromagnetic vector spherical waves, despite the widespread use of spherical wave decompositions. In the present paper, bandwidth limitations on the scattering matrix are derived for a wide class of
The MAX IV facility is a 3rd generation state-of-the-art synchrotron light source currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring has a large negative natural chromaticity, which has to be corrected to positive values to prevent head-tail instabilities. On the other hand, high linear chromaticity can lead to a large tune footprint limiting Touschek lifetime. Therefore,
Post-harvest losses in the himalayan regions of Nepal and Bhutan are high, and current drying methods are in need of improvement. This report improves on a previously developed solar dryer design and evaluates thermal storage solutions for the ’SolarFood: Reducing post-harvest losses through improved solar drying’ project. This report uses experimental measurements to compare different dryer confi
Rectal cancer is a frequently diagnosed cancer type worldwide, approximately 700,000 people are diagnosed every year. The mortality is high due to the high risk of metastasis where it mainly spreads through the lymphatic drainage pathways. Unfortunately, there are no accurate methods used in the clinic for determining the spread, resulting in that extensive colorectal resection is the primary trea
To mitigate climate change and reach Sweden’s goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2045, or at an earlier stage of 2030 for 23 Swedish cities, urgent action is required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Due to the building sector’s significant contribution to carbon emissions, a crucial aspect in achieving these goals is improving the energy efficiency of existing buildings, as most of these will
The MAX IV synchrotron radiation facility in Lund is designed to produce bright and high-energy X-ray radiation. One important component of achieving this is to keep the electron beam inside the storage rings centered and stable. The aim of this thesis was to develop an MPC (Model Predictive Control) that can accomplish this task more robustly than the currently commissioned I-controller. A contro
Reinforcement learning is one of the three main paradigms in machine learning, which is increasingly used as a method to approach scientific problems. In this thesis, we introduce and use reinforcement learning to find the optimal parameters of a numerical solver. We first motivate that solving the linear systems can be done by solving initial value problems. These initial values problems can the
Spectroscopy serves as a vital tool in both scientific research and industrial applications. In spectral analysis, baseline correction is important in order to be able to efficiently extract essential features. Several algorithms for baseline correction have been developed, including Asls (Asymmetric Least Squares algorithm), arPLS (Asymmetrically Reweighted Penalized Least Squares algorithm), air
Societal resilience is fundamental for navigating sustainable development while being seriously challenged by misinformation and disinformation in the post-truth era. The thesis’ purpose is to explore how AI-driven truth technologies can be developed and utilised to mitigate mis- and disinformation. Three research questions are answered to illustrate the potential of truth technologies by (1) clar
Wrist fractures are a prevalent injury in Sweden. While most patients recover within a year, approximately 5000 patients a year experience significant long-term pain and impaired wrist function. Current rehabilitation methods lack the capacity to objectively measure post-fracture wrist function. Proprioception, the awareness of the body in space, is crucial for wrist function but remains challengi
Sweden and Europe aim to be carbon neutral by 2045 and 2050 respectively. Upgrading the existing building stock has been identified as having great potential in assisting to realise these goals. This aged, energy inefficient building stock is poised for renovation towards carbon neutrality, and the investigation of the cost-effectiveness and possibilities for these were the main aim of this study.
The European Spallation Source (sv: Europeiska Spallationskällan) kommer att bli den mest kraftfulla spallationskällan i världen när den är i drift vid full kapacitet. Neutronerna som används av vetenskapsmän och ingenjörer är spallerade från ett roterande hjul av volfram, som blir bombarderat av accellererade protoner. Hjulet, även kallat målet, upplever värmeutveckling under spallationsprocessenThe European Spallation Source (ESS) is going to be the worlds most powerful spallation source once in full operation. The neutrons used by scientists and engineers are spallated from a rotating wheel of wolfram, being bombarded by accellerated protons. The wheel, also called the target, develops heat in the process, and is therefore cooled by a helium cooling system. The target primary cooling sy
There are currently increasing concerns about escalating crude oil prices, depleted petroleum resources, and environmental damages caused by plastics. In light of this, bio-based and biodegradable materials, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), have gained global attention from industry and academia as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials. Poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the simple
Allergic contacts dermatitis is a major health problem in the world and the disease is caused by a type IV hypersensitivity to a small chemical called a hapten. These substances are common in cosmetics, perfumes, pharmaceuticals and house-hold products, and risk factors include both inherent factors and frequent or high exposure. Hazard assessment and potency classification of sensitizers are ther
The research is done in order to analyse management of waste beverage containers in Belarus and the effectiveness of policies implemented to address it. The analysis is followed by exploring whether the introduction of deposit-refund system (DRS) would help to address packaging waste issue in Belarus and, if so, what features the DRS should possess to be effective in current context. The study des
