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BACKGROUND: Relatives are often involved in the care of frail elderly patients prior to admission and are thus important collaborative partners for nurses. They hold valuable knowledge, which may improve care planning for the benefit of the patient and the hospital care trajectory. Satisfaction among relatives may be an indicator of this. Aim: To investigate collaboration between relatives and nur
The phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) commonly evolves between and within infected individuals, at virus transmission, and during disease progression. This evolution includes altered interactions between the virus and its coreceptors, i.e., chemokine receptors, as well as mannose C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). Transmitted/founder viruses are predominantly restricted to CCR5
Abstract is not available
Frogs are often rare or absent from intensively farmed areas. Here we explore the possibility that the landscape and the quality of the terrestrial habitat are unsuitable for these populations. Spawn of Rana arvalis and R. temporaria was introduced into ponds in a south Swedish agricultural landscape in 2003 (eight ponds) and 2004 (ten ponds). Metamorphs emerged from nine (R. a.) and 12 (R. t.) of
The search for planets around white dwarf stars, and evidence for dynamical instability around them in the form of atmospheric pollution and circumstellar disks, raises questions about the nature of planetary systems that can survive the vicissitudes of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). We study the competing effects, on planets at several AU from the star, of strong tidal forces arising from the
The main problems in this thesis concern the impact of seasonal variations in daylight and ambient temperature on people's mood and the prevalence of various symptoms related to seasonal affective disorder. Questions are also raised about the role of the indoor environment and of the individual's personality as moderators of such an impact. In contrast to most previous research, the present study
Water and salt mass balances for the Dead Sea were modeled. Precipitation, evaporation, river discharges, ground water flows, input/output from potash companies and salt production, and brine discharge were included in the models. The mixing time in the Dead Sea was modeled using a single-layer (well-mixed) a two-layer (stratified) system. Using the single-layer approach the water level was predi
The potential and mechanism to reduce acid gases, such as SO2, NOx and HCl by dry Ca-based sorbents have been studied to improve the efficiencies of the process and sorbent utilization. Several natural limestones were tested for SO2 removal. Calcium conversion as high as 45% was achieved within 0.3 s at 1000°C, 1000 ppm SO2 and Ca/S=1. A SO2 removal efficiency of 95% was reached at Ca/S=2. Two m
Antibodies are important proteins participating in a number of reactions to protect us from harmful diseases. Apart from this important function, they are also useful in different technical and medical applications. This, however, relies on our possibility to produce antibodies in vitro. In the first part of my thesis a new technology called CDR shuffling was developed to create diverse and highly
Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av befolkningsutvecklingen de närmaste åren kommer långt fler äldre människor än idag att bo kvar i vanliga bostäder, även om de särskilda boendeformerna byggts ut i snabb takt. För att underlätta kvarboende måste den fysiska boendemiljön motsvara de krav som ställs på grund av åldersförändringar och då hjälpbehov uppkommer. Arbetsterapeuter har, bl a genom erfThe general aim of this thesis was to explore relationships between functional capacity, environmental factors, everyday activity, and health in the elderly population. Initially, the Enabler, an instrument for assessment of the physical home environment's accessibility, was translated to Swedish and revised, and tested for reliability and validity. Further, a systematic random sample of individua
The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is a key component of the mucosal immune system that mediates epithelial transcytosis of immunoglobulins. High pIgR expression has been reported to correlate with a less aggressive tumour phenotype and an improved prognosis in several human cancer types. Here, we examined the expression and prognostic significance of pIgR in pancreatic and periampullary
Osteoclast activity and the fine balance between bone formation and resorption is affected by inflammatory factors such as cytokines and T lymphocyte activity, mediated by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, in turn regulated by the MHC class II transactivator (MHC2TA). We investigated the effect of functional polymorphisms in the MHC2TA gene (CIITA), and two additional genes; C-type
Candelaria pacifica is formally described. It is currently known from North and South America and Europe. The species is characterized by a small, lobate thallus with soredia formed on the lobe tips and along the margins. It has been confused with C. concolor in Europe and North America, but differs in having 8-spored asci and in lacking a lower cortex. Candelaria vulgaris, the type species of the
Arteriosclerosis with its clinical sequelae (cardiac infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial occlusive disease) and vascular/Alzheimer dementia not only result in far more than half of all deaths but also represent dramatic economic problems. The reason is, among others, that diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for both disorders, and the number of diabetics strongly increases worldwid
