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Objective: Childhood stunting is a significant health issue in Rwanda, particularly within the Northern Province. While demographic and socio-economic factors have been more extensively studied, the impact of environmental and climatic factors on stunting prevalence has received less attention. This study aimed to determine if these factors could be used to better predict localized variations in h
Numerous risks threaten modern society. Some are new, while others have existed since the beginning of time, but none have been governed on a societal level since their inception. Despite the abundance of literature addressing the governance of various risks, the processes by which they become governable in the first place have gotten little attention. As a result, this paper aims to improve our k
Although sex and gender are recognized as major determinants of health and immunity, their role is rarely considered in clinical practice and public health. We identified six bottlenecks preventing the inclusion of sex and gender considerations from basic science to clinical practice, precision medicine and public health policies. (i) A terminology-related bottleneck, linked to the definitions of
Background: Measurements of local tissue water and circumferences are methods to evaluate lymphedema. Knowledge about reference values and reproducibility needs, however, to be determined for the head and neck (HN) area of healthy persons before it can be used in persons with HN lymphedema. The objective of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability including measurement errors of loca
Background: We analysed the COMparison Between All immunoTherapies for Multiple Sclerosis (NCT03193866), a Swedish nationwide observational study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), to identify trajectories of processing speed and physical disability after disease-modulating therapy (DMT) start. Methods: Using a group-modelling approach, we assessed trajectories of processing speed w
β-Mannanases hydrolyze β-mannans, important components of plant and microalgae cell walls. Retaining β-mannanases can also catalyze transglycosylation, forming new β-mannosidic bonds that are applicable for synthesis. This study focused on the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) GH5_10 β-mannanase MeMan5A, which contains two semi-conserved tryptophans (W240 and W281) in the distal subsite +2 of its activ
Microbial necromass contributes significantly to both soil carbon (C) persistence and ecosystem nitrogen (N) availability, but quantitative estimates of C and N movement from necromass into soils and decomposer communities are lacking. Additionally, while melanin is known to slow fungal necromass decomposition, how it influences microbial C and N acquisition as well as elemental release into soils
This article summarises the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in
The level crossing method was used to measure the hyperfine structure of Bi 209 in the 6 p 2 ( 3 P 0 )6 d 2 D 3/2 and 6 p 2 ( 3 P 1 )7 s 4 P 3/2 levels of the Bi I spectrum. For the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole interaction constants a and b the following values were obtained: | a (6 p 2 ( 3 P 0 ) 6 d 2 D 3/2 )| = 128.0(0.6) g J /-0.79 MHz | b (6 p 2 ( 3 P 0 ) 6 d 2 D 3/2 )| = 58(4)
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a concept from Industrial Ecology that has changed waste management policies inside and gradually outside the member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). This article bridges the gap in our understanding of the policy process wherein policy change occurred. It employs the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to expl
Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most patients reveal a high prevalence of CV risk factors such as diabetes or arterial hypertension and many have manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure with an increased risk of clinical events including sudden cardiac death. Diabetes mellitu
As a component of myeloablative conditioning before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), Total Body Irradiation (TBI) is employed in radiotherapy centers all over the world. In recent and coming years, many centers are changing their TBI setup to a conformal isocentric technique, providing superior homogeneity and control of the target prescription dose, and more freedom for
In recent years, the study of body image shifted from focusing on the negative aspects to a more extensive view of body image. The present study seeks to validate a measure of positive body image, the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2; Tylka & Wood-Barcalow, 2015a) in Denmark, Portugal, and Sweden. Participants (N = 1012) were adolescents and young adults aged from 12 to 19. Confirmatory factor
Soils are among Earth’s most vital yet slowly renewable natural resources. Chernozem stands out as the most fertile soil globally, capable of yielding high agricultural productivity, and it continues to play a significant role in modern agriculture. The Vojvodina region of Serbia is renowned for its fertile soil, including Chernozem. This study aims to evaluate the current condition and geotourism
The conservation of biological diversity is a matter of uttermost importance and its significance is stressed in the environmental goals of the Swedish government. Among the environmental goals there are several distinctly defined goals related to biological diversity which are to be accomplished within a set amount of time. In order to succeed with these goals it is important to understand what i
