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Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårt mål var att förstå och fördjupa kunskapen om de mekanismer som kontrollerar värme- och masstransport vid stekning av djupfrysta hamburgare. Avhandlingen redovisar bl. a. hur olika faktorer som val av köttråvara, sönderdelningen av köttet, diametern på hamburgaren och tillagningstemperatur bestämmer värme- och massöverföring i hamburgaren under tillagning. TemperatuThe aim of the present work was to gain better understanding of the mechanisms controlling heat and mass transfer during thermal processing of beefburgers. The effects of different factors such as the chemical composition and comminution of the meat raw material, the pan temperature and the meat patty diameter on the characteristics of heat and mass transfer were studied. The evolution of the char

Popular Abstract in Swedish Partiklar som finns i luften och som vi andas in kan leda till negativa hälsoeffekter bland oss människor. I varje andetag andas vi in tusentals partiklar som tar sig ner i våra luftvägar. Det är normalt. Våra kroppar har försvarsmekanismer som tar hand om och oskadliggör partiklar som vi andas in och som fastnar i våra andningsvägar. Vid för höga halter av partiklar i BACKGROUND: Exposure to airborne particles in occupational environments can lead to both acute and long-term health effects in humans. To date, particle exposure limits in the air are typically given in terms of mass concentrations. But by only using mass concentration to characterize particles means there is a risk that other relevant characteristics, such as particle size and composition are con

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Autoantibodies against the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) are common in type 1 diabetes (T1D). ZnT8A analyses are complicated by the fact that there are three variants of the autoantigen at amino acid position 325 representing ZnT8-R (Arginine), ZnT8-W (Tryptophan) and ZnT8-Q (Glutamin). The aims of the study were: 1) to develop an autoantigen triple mix Radio-Binding Assay (RBA)

Traditionally, hypervisors, operating systems, and runtime systems have been providing an abstraction layer over the bare-metal hardware. Traditional abstractions, however, do not consider for non-functional requirements such as system-level constraints or users' objectives. As these requirements are gaining increasing importance, researchers are looking into making user-specified and system-level

The Amazon forest is increasingly vulnerable to dieback and encroachment of grasslands and agricultural fields. Threats to these forested ecosystems include drying, deforestation, and fire, but feedbacks among these make it difficult to determine their relative importance. Here, we reconstruct the central and western Amazon tree cover response to aridity and fire in the mid-Holocene—a time of less

Tjänstearbetare, bland annat kvinnodominerade yrkesgrupper i offentlig välfärdssektor, står för en ökande andel av arbetskonflikter i världen. Därmed blir studier av strejker i offentlig sektor allt mer relevanta för att vidareutveckla förståelser av strejk som maktmedel. En forskningslucka finns särskilt avseende kommunalarbetares arbetsinställelser. Med målsättningen att utforska villkoren för oThe tertiary sector accounts for a rising share of labour disputes, making studies of public sector strikes increasingly relevant to the understanding of labour market power relations. With the intention of exploring conditions for public sector labour struggles, this study aims to empirically examine the extensive 2003 wage strike carried out by the Swedish Municipal Workers’ Union [Kommunal]. It

Lower diversity of plant and animal farmland species are usually reported where cropland has been aggregated into larger fields, which raises prospects of curbing declines in European farmland biodiversity and associated ecosystem services by halting trends to field size increases associated to agricultural intensification, without having to set aside arable land for conservation. Here, we conside

Segmenting a motion-planning problem into smaller subproblems could be beneficial in terms of computational complexity. This observation is used as a basis for a new sub-maneuver decomposition approach investigated in this paper in the context of optimal evasive maneuvers for autonomous ground vehicles. The recently published alternating augmented Lagrangianmethod is adopted and leveraged on, whic

Employing a large number of antennas at the base station, massive MIMO significantly improves spectral efficiency and transmit power efficiency. On the other hand, massive MIMO also introduces unprecedented implementation challenges, especially in terms of processing and storage of large-size channel state information (CSI) matrices. Since on-chip memory is generally very expensive and has limited

As our society becomes more and more dependent on IT systems, failures of these systems can harm more and more people and organizations. Diligently performing risk and hazard analysis helps to minimize the potential harm of IT system failures on the society and increases the probability of their undisturbed operation. Risk and hazard analysis is an important activity for the development and operat

In the 21st century, climate change in combination with increasing demand, mainly from population growth, will exert greater pressure on the ecosystems of the Sahel to supply food and feed resources. The balance between supply and demand, defined as the annual biomass required for human consumption, serves as a key metric for quantifying basic resource shortfalls over broad regions.Here we apply a

Purpose Asthma is frequently reported in endurance athletes. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term airway inflammatory response to endurance exercise in high-level athletes with and without asthma. Methods In a cross-sectional design, 20 asthmatic athletes (10 swimmers and 10 cross-country skiers), 19 athletes without asthma (10 swimmers and 9 cross-country skiers), and 24 healt

STUDY DESIGN: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial and a prospective cohort. BACKGROUND: The number of arthroscopic surgical procedures for patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) has significantly increased worldwide, but high-quality evidence of the effect of such interventions is lacking. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective will be to determine the efficacy of hip a

This study investigates and compares soil moisture and hydrology projections of broadly used land models with permafrost processes and highlights the causes and impacts of permafrost zone soil moisture projections. Climate models project warmer temperatures and increases in precipitation (P) which will intensify evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff in land models. However, this study shows that most

In 1822 the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed The Cruel Treatment of Cattle Act, which today is considered to be an important forerunner to modern animal protection and anti-cruelty legislation. However, the new Enlightenment attitudes to animals stemmed from an overly anthropocentric perception of the natural world and the place of the human animal in it. At the heart of the movement agains