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The growing field of biotechnology is in constant need of proteins that can function as recognition tools for separational, analytical and therapeutic purposes. Different molecular engineering approaches are applied on natural proteins in order to create variants with desired properties. This thesis is based on five original papers that deal with selection, characterisation and application of nove

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Immunoglobulin kappa promoters were collected from mice and man. It was shown that they had homology within but not between subgroups, and the promoters were also conserved between species. The octamer element was found in all promoters, but other sequence elements were conserved within the distinct subgroups. E-boxes were found in most promoters and were usually of the E2A type. A mouse kappa pro

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns ett stort behov av molekyler eller reagenser för korrekt och snabb diagnos och/eller behandling av sjukdom. På laboratorier används särskilda verktyg för att ta fram sådana reagenser. Verktygen utgörs ibland av levande organismer, som t ex bakterier och virus, och kallas bioteknologiska verktyg. Ett av dessa verktyg baseras på användandet av en speciell typ avPhage display technology is a biotechnological tool that can be used to obtain molecules/reagents able to discriminate between target molecules. Reagents with such features can be used in diverse settings like biological chemistry, diagnostics and in therapeutic applications. Phage display technology is based on the use of recombinant DNA technology, bacteria and a special kind of bacterial virus,

This thesis has investigated the importance of the VpreB1 protein in early B cell development. Mice lacking the VpreB1 protein showed normal numbers of peripheral mature B cells. The number of B220 positive cells in the bone marrow was also normal, but the amounts of pre-BI cells was increased 2-fold and the numbers of pre-B II cells were reduced by 20%. In all other respects the lymphoid compartm

The paper describes a simple analytical framework to be used when designing control algorithms for systems of specific type - in which the state derivatives go in feedback as accelerometer signals, and the overall controller explicitly exhibits an algebraic disturbance feedback loop. A simplified hydrofoil craft linear model is treated as an example. The method proposed combines all the approaches

Antibody-based microarrays have emerged as an established proteomic technology allowing multiplexed and sensitive profiling of complex proteomes, in a high-throughput and miniaturized manner. Recently, numerous applicative efforts have been pursued generating disease-associated protein signatures that now could be further explored for improved disease diagnostics, prognostics and classification.

The optical design for the proposed Euro50 extremely large telescopewith integrated adaptive optics (AO) is presented. For atmosphericturbulence correction, we propose using single and dual-conjugate AOsystems working with natural and laser guide stars. The corrective shapeof the deformable mirrors (DMs) is derived from an analytical algorithmbased on minimization of the sum of the residual power

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a pathogen that causes severe local and life-threatening invasive diseases, which are associated with high mortality rates. Pneumococci have evolved several strategies to evade the host immune system, including complement to disseminate and to survive in various host niches. Thus, pneumococci bind complement inhibitors such as C4b-binding protein (C4BP) a

OBJECTIVE: To compare costs of transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: In 70 BPH patients all costs were calculated for management, including complications and repeat treatment, during TURP or TUMT and 24-month follow-up. Clinical outcome was judged from

Components derived from cartilage have been suggested to maintain the inflammation in joints in arthritis. Small leucine-rich repeat proteins (SLRPs) are structural components of cartilage important in organizing the meshwork of extracellular matrix components. It has recently been shown that the SLRP fibromodulin interacts with complement initiator C1q, leading to complement activation. The compl

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are nonlinear pattern recognition techniques that can be used as a tool in medical decision making. The objective of this study was to develop an ANN model for predicting survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

BACKGROUND: Folate is involved in DNA synthesis and methylation and may thereby influence carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVES: We examined plasma folate (P-folate) concentration in relation to genotypes of the folate-metabolizing enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR 677C<--T (rs1801133) and 1298A<--C (rs1801131)]. We also explored whether P-folate was associated with risk of postmenopausal bre

B-cell development into antibody producing cells is a complex process that relies on the tightly controlled production of hundreds of genes and proteins. A B-cell is activated through the B-cell receptor (BCR) and this activation is modified by different co-stimulatory or inhibitory co-receptors. The concerted action of signals from BCR and from co-receptors decides the fate of the B-cells. The ma

The link between the incurrence of a customs debt and the incurrence of the Value Added Tax on importation, have a parallel nature, as they arise from the importation of goods into the territory of the Community. This link is a result of Article 71 (1) of the VAT Directive. This article authorises member states to link the chargeable event and the chargeability of VAT on importation of goods with

In this essay, I will examine what Origen of Alexandria believed about the resurrection of the body. Origen was condemned as a heretic at the Second Council of Constantinople in 553, one of the main reasons for this was that he was said to deny the physical resurrection of the body. Due to the condemnation of Origen, the work of copying his works was also stopped, with the result that many of Orig

The nexus between environmental degradation and economic growth is becoming of greater importance globally and in order to limit global warming at an increase of 1.5 ° C there needs to be a net zero-transition towards carbon neutrality. The Kingdom of Bhutan has over the last decades experienced continuous economic growth while being carbon negative and adhering to its unique Gross National Happin