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Laser-induced incandescence (LII), elastic light scattering (ELS) and extinction were used to investigate the early stages of soot formation when seeding metal salts at various concentrations into a premixed ethylene/air flame on a PerkinElmer burner. The investigation contained seven salts, where we in this work mainly focus on two of these salts, potassium chloride (KCl) and iron chloride (FeCl3

For the first time, laser-induced thermal grating spectroscopy (LITGS) in the spectral range around 3. μm is demonstrated as a versatile diagnostic tool. This spectral region is of particular interest in combustion diagnostics as many relevant species such as hydrocarbons and water exhibit fundamental vibrational modes and hence can be probed with high sensitivity. Another benefit of the IR-LITGS

In Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT) a system is said to be robust to uncertainty if specified goals are achieved with satisfaction despite large info-gaps. Under this theory an info-gap expresses the disparity between what is known and unknown in structures for which uncertainty is judged as severe. We discuss how robustness in IGDT can be merged with a perspective on risk which allows for d

Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. Current treatment protocols fail in 25% of patients and are associated with significant long-term adverse effects in survivors. Experimental models of these tumors are scarce and will be crucial for the development of more efficient treatment strategies, including molecular targeting and immunotherapy. In this thesis, I describe the establ

Superantigens are toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus, called staphylococcal enterotoxins (abbreviated SEA to SEU). They can cross-link the T cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex class II, triggering a massive T cell activation and hence disease. Due to high stability and toxicity, superantigens are potential agents of bioterrorism. Hence, antagonists may not only be usefu

This study examines the determinants of exit from academic research that occurs when academic researchers move into positions in academe that concentrate on nonresearch activities such as teaching or administration or when researchers leave academia and move into industry. Drawing on career data for 14,000 Japanese PhD graduates in hard sciences (all scientific fields except social sciences and hu

Resistance to activated protein C (APC) is a major cause of familial thrombophilia, and can be corrected by an anticoagulant activity expressed by purified factor V. We investigated linkage between APC resistance and the factor V gene in a large kindred with familial thrombophilia. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in exon 13 of the factor V gene were informative in 14 family members. The

Abstract in Spanish El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar acerca de las diferentes estrategias de desarrollo que, desde la década de 1990, se vienen construyendo en territorios rurales del norte de Argentina. Para ello, presentamos desde una perspectiva comparativa tres casos de estudio localizados en el noroeste y nordeste del país: la Quebrada de Humahuaca (Jujuy), el departamento de San Ca

The cytosolic Ca2+-binding S100A9 and S100A8 proteins form heterodimers that are primarily expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. We have recently shown that S100A9 binds to TLR4 in vitro and induces TLR4-dependent NF-κB activation and a pro-inflammatory cytokine response in monocytes. In the present report we have further investigated the S100A9-mediated stimulation of TLR4 in monocytes. U

This paper presents a custom chip for linearization of RF power amplifiers using digital predistortion. The chip has been implemented in a standard digital 0.8 μm CMOS process with standard static cells and single-phase clocking. A systolic complex multiplier based on distributed arithmetic constitutes the core of the chip. The nonlinear function is realized with a look-up table containing complex

There has long been a crisis of housing affordability in London, which the government and private sector are failing to address. On top of the socio-economic challenges brought about by this, London’s current and new stock of housing are not built to the necessary environmental standards to achieve legally binding environmental targets. However, the contentious Brexit vote and the continued uncert

In 2004, acute labour shortages were first observed in labour-intensive export-processing sectors in China’s coastal provinces. Paired with rising wages in rural and urban areas, many economists have claimed China has reached its Lewis Turning Point of economic development. This dissertation reviews these claims by context-testing Lewisian theory, and finds little evidence to suggest China has met

Previous studies of Thomas Pynchon’s works have made progress in defining numerous aspects of what could be construed as the Pynchonian worldview. However, they have mainly identified them in general, visual terms, separated from the level of the direct experience of his characters. The process of perception is important in philosophical inquiry, but its role in the worldview of Pynchon’s works ha