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Sex determination is a fundamental process governed by diverse mechanisms. Sex ratio selection is commonly implicated in the evolution of sex-determining systems, although formal models are rare. Here, we argue that, although sex ratio selection can induce shifts in sex determination, genomic conflicts between parents and offspring can explain why single-factor systems (e.g. XY/XX or ZW/ZZ) are co
The partial phase diagram of D2O/n-octyl-beta-D-alkyl-glucoside(C(8)G(1))/n-octane has been determined at T = 25 degrees C. The diagram contains a funnel-shaped micellar phase originating from the water corner of the phase diagram D2O/C(8)G(1) with the stern forming a narrow three-phase region, in which the three phases in equilibrium are two microemulsions of similar composition and an excess oil
Na+/H+ exchangers are ubiquitous in mammalian cells, carrying out key functions, such as cell volume defense, acid-base homeostasis, and regulation of the cytoskeleton. We used two screening technologies (FLIPR and microphysiometry) to characterize the signal transduction pathway used by the bradykinin beta(2) receptor to activate Na+/H+ exchange in two cell lines, KNRK and CHO. In both cell types
The isothermal pseudo-ternary-phase diagram was determined at 25 degreesC for systems composed of lecithin, water, and, as oil, either isooctane or decane. This was accomplished by a combination of polarizing microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and NMR techniques. The lecithin-rich region of the phase diagram is dominated by a lamellar liquid-crystalline phase (L-alpha). For lecithin content
We review and discuss the importance of correlational selection (selection for optimal character combinations) in natural populations. If two or more traits subject to multivariate selection are heritable, correlational selection builds favourable genetic correlations through the formation of linkage disequilibrium at underlying loci governing the traits. However, linkage disequilibria built up by
Methods for planning and control of the flow of material in the manufacturing enterprise are more or less appropriate to use in a specific situation, mainly depending on the existing planning environment. How well they contribute to an effective material flow is also depending on how they are applied. This paper examines which material planning methods companies are using, to what extent these met
Two extreme groups of healthy male undergraduate students, either highly (n=12) or low creative (n=12), were pre-selected from a larger cohort (N=60) by way of the Creative functioning test (Smith & Carlsson, 1990). The two groups underwent measurements of regional cerebral blood-flow (rCBF). rCBF was measured during rest and during three verbal tasks (random order): Automatic speech (Auto), w
In a very few years, the video capsule for small bowel enteroscopy has gained widespread clinical acceptance. It is readily ingested, disposable, and allows for a complete, low-invasive endoscopic examination of the entire mucosa of the small bowel. It is a patient-friendly method and a first-line procedure in the difficult evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. It has the highest proven
We argue that strategic management in general—and capability theory in particular—suffers from problems of infinite regress that can be traced to an unsatisfactory specification of initial conditions. We argue, first, that this has led to an overemphasis on path dependence, experience, and history, without sufficient attention on initial conditions: more proximate, decision-oriented punctuation po
Soil disturbance from stump extraction and site preparation will initially lead to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from the soil. This is one result achieved from a series of new experiments established throughout Sweden and is contrasting to what was previously assumed. After one year however, this initial reduction had disappeared and emissions were around the same level for bothdisturbe
In this work we consider infinite dimensional extensions of some finite dimensional Gaussian geometric functionals called the Gaussian Minkowski functionals. These functionals appear as coefficients in the probability content of a tube around a convex set D⊂RkD⊂Rk under the standard Gaussian law N(0,Ik×k)N(0,Ik×k). Using these infinite dimensional extensions, we consider geometric properties of so
Global engagement can impact firm organization and the occupations firms need. We use a simple task-based model of the firm's choice of occupational inputs to examine how that choice varies with global engagement. We reveal a robust and causal relationship between global engagement and the skill mix of occupations within firms, using Swedish matched employer-employee data that link firms and the l
Today, digitalization is the single most significant change factor for the construction sector as well as for society in general, which will bring new opportunities for intelligent and sustainable cities, efficient management of available resources and a general reduction of carbon emissions. Digitalization will enable continuous and integrated information exchange between all actors of the constr
Relying on new data on the ideology of heads of government in 27 democracies over a period of more than 140 years, this article shows that short economic downturns, with a single year of falling per capita consumption, have more often resulted in shifts to the right than shifts to the left. But long-lasting economic downturns, with more than one consecutive year of falling consumption, are differe
