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The arterio-venous anastomoses (AVA) play a major role in the blood circulation in the peripheral body parts. In this work, the segmental bioheat model of Salloum et al. [1] is improved to accurately predict skin blood flow rate in the hands and fingers, and the local and overall human thermal responses in transient environments. The improvements in the model include: 1) extending the artery tree
Immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgAD) is the most common primary immunodeficiency in the general population. It is defined as a serum IgA level below or equal to 0.07 g/l with normal IgM and IgG levels in children over the age of 4. However, a few cases of reversal of IgAD at later ages have been observed previously, especially in pediatric patients. This study aimed at investigating the frequency of
Background and aims: Animal studies have suggested that high salt intake might increase the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but results from populations are mixed, in part due to inadequate salt intake measurement. Salty taste preference is the primary factor leading to salt choice and can reflect habitual salt intake. However, no study has investigated
Krita-paleogen-gränsen har länge varit central i diskussioner mellan forskare runt om i världen, då den markerar/sammanfaller med utdöendet av 75% av jordens arter till följd av ett enormt asteriodnedslag på Chicxulúbhalvön i Mexiko. Gränsintervallet är vida utbrett i sedimentära lagerföljder som bildades under denna tid, och kan identifieras genom sina unika kemiska egenskaper och karakteristiskaThe Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary has long been a center of discussion amongst scientists as it marks the extinction of 75% of all species on Earth. This mass extinction event was probably caused by an enormous asteroid impact event in what is now Mexico. The boundary interval is easily identified in the sedimentary geological record because of its unique chemical properties as well as its charact
BACKGROUND: Male arginine vasopressin 1a receptor knockout mice (V1aR(-/-)) display a phenotype of low triglycerides and high glucose concentrations and high-fat-diet-induced obesity and diabetes. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether genetic variation of the human arginine vasopressin 1A (AVPR1A) gene is associated with phenotypic features resembling those of the V1aR(-/-) mouse. DESIGN: In a popula
Eye gaze is a window onto cognitive processing in tasks such as spatial memory, linguistic processing, and decision making. We present evidence that information derived from eye gaze can be used to change the course of individuals’ decisions, even when they are reasoning about high-level, moral issues. Previous studies have shown that when an experimenter actively controls what an individual sees
Erythrocyte polymorphisms associated with a survival advantage to Plasmodium falciparum infection have undergone positive selection. There is a predominance of blood group O in malaria-endemic regions, and several lines of evidence suggest that ABO blood groups may influence the outcome of P. falciparum infection. Based on the hypothesis that enhanced innate clearance of infected polymorphic eryth
Objectives To investigate, using a Dutch model, whether and under what variables framed for other European countries screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) is preferred over cytology screening for cervical cancer, and to calculate the preferred number of examinations over a woman's lifetime. Design Cost effectiveness analysis based on a Dutch simulation model. Base case analyses investigated the
This paper presents numerical and experimental investigations of the structure and stabilization of a low swirl turbulent stratified lean premixed methane/air flame. Large-eddy simulations are performed using a two-scalar flamelet model based on mixture fraction for predicting the stratification in the fuel/air mixture and a level-set G-function for tracking the flame. Measurements are carried out
Virtual reality (VR) offers promising opportunities for procedural learning, particularly in preserving intangible cultural heritage. Advances in generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) further enrich these experiences by enabling adaptive learning pathways. However, evaluating such adaptive systems using traditional temporal metrics remains challenging due to the inherent variability in Gen-A
Globular clusters host complex stellar populations whose chemical signatures suggest early (-) retention and reprocessing of stellar ejecta, yet direct evidence for intracluster gas is lacking. Here we present a unified theoretical framework for the evolution of gas in young globular clusters, and its implications for the production of multiple stellar populations. We show that low-velocity AGB wi
Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Immunity develops gradually after repeated exposure and is largely mediated by antibodies, yet the mechanisms regulating the development and function of humoral immunity, including the roles of B-cell subsets and inflammatory mediators, remain incompletely u
Abstract – Background: Cytological examination of a fine-needle aspirate (FNA) is a minimally invasive modality that is increasingly used in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Flow cytometry and other ancillary tests make an important contribution to the diagnostic value of FNAs of lymphoid lesions. This review follows the recent publication of the first edition of the WHO Reporting System for Lymph Node,
BACKGROUND: In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and who are treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), dual antithrombotic treatment without aspirin is recommended. Evidence comparing P2Y 12 inhibitor strategies in this setting is limited. AIMS: This study aimed to compare outcomes with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel as part of
The dissociation of NO is a critical step in its catalytic reduction to N2, which is key to automotive exhaust treatment. Here, we examine the role of Rh atomic steps in the NO dissociation reaction under 0.05 mbar NO. We use a Rh crystal sample curved around the (111) direction and ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe different Rh surfaces subject to the very same reaction c
Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiencies (IgGSD) are associated with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Tools to identify patients with IgGSD who benefit from immunoglobulin G replacement therapy (IgGRT) are lacking. This crossover study evaluated the number of antibiotic-demanding infections on and after up to 18 mo off IgGRT in 28 patients with IgGSD. Pneumococcal antibodies against 21 seroty
We study feedback-driven cold dark matter core creation in the edge suite of radiation-hydrodynamical dwarf galaxy simulations. Understanding this process is crucial when using observed dwarf galaxies to constrain the particle nature of dark matter. While previous studies have shown that the stellar mass to halo mass ratio (M∗/M200) determines the extent of core creation, we find that in low-mass
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the brain along perivascular spaces in a manner that depends on aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarization, facilitating brain clearance and is called the glymphatic system. While physiological factors such as cardiovascular activity and respiration are known to influence glymphatic function, the effects of hypothermia remain poorly understood. In this study, we used quantita
