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The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion progress has been characterized by means of high- speed fuel tracer Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) combined with simultaneous chemiluminescence imaging. Imaging has been conducted using a high-speed laser and detector system. The system can acquire a sequence of eight images within less than one crank angle. The engine was run

Besides reducing fuel demands and indoor air pollution, pyrolytic cooking stoves produce a by-product (biochar) that can improve soil fertility and serve as a sink for carbon sequestration. Most smallholder farmers in Africa depend on wood for fuel, suffer from exposure to smoke and soils in their cultivated farms are deteriorating. Biochar (bio-charcoal) production has potentials to reduce energy

Background: High red cell distribution width (RDW) has been increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Our aim was to explore the associations between RDW and plasma proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD using a targeted proteomics panel. Methods: RDW and 88 plasma proteins were measured in a population-based

The intensive application of pesticides to increase crop production has resulted in contamination of the agricultural products. Due to their occurrence at trace levels and the complexity of food samples, analysis of pesticide residues requires selective and efficient sample preparation methods. For this purpose, an extraction method based on supercritical carbon dioxide and acetonitrile as entrain

Background: Obesity prevalence is increasing globally. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for severe and complex obesity resulting in significant and sustained weight loss. In Sweden, most bariatric surgery patients are referred by primary care physicians. We aimed to explore barriers for physicians to refer patients with severe and complex obesity for bariatric surgery. Methods: A questi

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) is a crucial indicator of regional water balance and water resources changes. Due to limited hydrological observations, we combined the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) products using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to monitor the TWS changes from April 2002 to March 2020 over the closed Qaidam Basin in

Crowdfunding is emerging as a significant means by which to finance and advance the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Generating financial support for the SDGs is now of even more importance because of the economic impacts of COVID-19. However, little research on sustainability crowdfunding has been conducted, particularly with respect to how behavioral influences, such as pe

Allozyme variation was studied in Swedish populations of Silene vulgaris (a widespread weed), S. uniflora ssp. uniflora (restricted to coastal habitats) and S. uniflora ssp. petraea (endemic to Sweden and confined to open limestone habitats). The taxa are diploid, gynodioecious, perennial herbs and showed high levels of within-taxon and within-population gene diversity at four polymorphic loci. Wi

The genetic control of variation at the Pgi‐2, Pgm‐1, Pgm‐2, and Tpi‐1 loci was investigated for the gynodioecious bladder campions, Silene uniflora and S. vulgaris. The main objective of the study was to determine whether alleles 1 and 2 at Pgi‐2, which have closely similar electrophoretic mobilities, were genuine Mendelian alleles. The results from a series of crossing experiments were consisten

Objectives The recovery after tonsil surgery is often troublesome for children and caregivers often feel insecure regarding optimal post-operative care for their children at home. The aim was to study what the current literature reports regarding the effect of post-operative telephone counselling and Internet support on pain and recovery after paediatric tonsil surgery. Method A systematic literat

Silene latifolia (white campion) is widespread in W Eurasia and shows clinal variation in seed morphology. Two extensive parapatric races, within which seed morphology changes gradually with geographic distance, are separated by a transition zone where the morphological gradient is steeper. A sample of seeds from across the species' native range was scored for morphological characters and analysed

Technology and innovation are important in addressing complex problems in the agricultural sector in many developing communities. However, ways and mechanisms to integrate them in the agricultural sector are still a challenge due to the lack of clear pathways and trajectories. Value chains are seen as a strong policy instrument to increase profitability in the agricultural sector; there is also de

Vitamin D and its analogues are fat-soluble vitamins that carry out important functions in human and animal organisms. Many studies have pointed out the relationship between the deficiency of these substances and the development of both skeletal-and extra-skeletal diseases. Although vitamin D is fundamentally derived from the bio-transformation of its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, through the a

The rapid pace of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) pandemic presents challenges to the real-time collection of population-scale data to inform near-term public health needs as well as future investigations. We established the COronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology (COPE) consortium to address this unprecedented crisis on behalf of the epidemiology research comm

Unequal distribution of wealth is a matter of growing concern in contemporary society, but it is also one with deep roots in the past. Several authors have traced the origins of this inequality by reconstructing historical series and collecting and harmonising data from sources and records with uneven territorial and temporal cover (Milanovic et al. (2011), Alfani (2015) Piketty (2014 and 2020)).