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Objective: To investigate the effect of gut microbiota and diet on atherogenesis. Approach and Results: Here, we investigated the interaction between the gut microbiota and diet on atherosclerosis by feeding germ-free or conventionally raised Apoe−/− mice chow or Western diet alone or supplemented with choline (which is metabolized by the gut microbiota and host enzymes to trimethylamine N-oxide)

We have studied the development of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC)-metabolising enzyme activities in the neonatal rat intestine and its relation to the intestinal permeability of macromolecules. The permeability was determined by feeding young rats a mixture of bovine serum albumin, bovine immunoglobulin G and fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran 70,000, and a

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyse and summarize studies on the effects of polypharmacy on people living with dementia (PwD). The study aimed to categorize these effects, evaluate the quality of the studies, and estimate the pooled effect sizes of these consequences using meta-analysis.MethodA systematic literature review was conducted following th

Stratification of cancer into biologically and molecularly similar subgroups is a cornerstone of precision medicine. The Lund Taxonomy classification system for urothelial carcinoma aims to be applicable across the whole disease spectrum including both non–muscle-invasive and invasive bladder cancer. A successful classification system is one that can be robustly and reproducibly applied to new sam

In this symposium piece, I reply to the diverse and wide-ranging set of objections to my book (The Open Future: Why Future Contingents are All False) set forth by MacFarlane, Green, Wasserman, and Bigg & Miller.

Background: The experiences of art and music are an essential part of human life and this study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between cultural participation and coronary heart disease. Methods: This was a longitudinal study on a randomly selected representative adult cohort (n = 3296) of the Swedish population. The study period was over 36 years (1982–2017) with three separate eigh

INTRODUCTION: Assessing the potential sources of bias and variability of the Centiloid (CL) scale is fundamental for its appropriate clinical application. METHODS: We included 533 participants from AMYloid imaging to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease (AMYPAD DPMS) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohorts. Thirty-two CL pipelines were created using different combinations of referenc

Objective: The concept of proportionate and disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation suggests that transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral repair may benefit patients with a smaller left ventricle relative to a higher regurgitant burden. The clinical relevance of proportionality remains unknown in mitral operations for ischemic mitral regurgitation. We aimed to characterize the association betwe

Background: Periampullary diverticulum (PAD) is commonly encountered in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures. Objectives: We sought to determine whether PADs are associated with a lower success rate of cannulation and an increased risk of adverse events. Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using prospectively gathered nationwide registry data. Methods: Us

This study investigates age-related biases in AI-generated art through a mixed method investigation of images of older and younger individuals. Employing 19 text prompts associated with social exclusion for older adults, we collected 465 images from an AI-art generator, MidJourney, and conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses to understand differences between age group depictions. We used A

Scholarship on the Jovinianist controversy has shown that the idea of baptism as deeply transformative lay at the heart of Jovinian's thinking. Scholars have likewise held that Jerome, who through his Adversus Jovinianum is our main source to the ideas of Jovinian, did not acknowledge the ecclesiological concerns on which his opponent's argument was based. This article argues, to the contrary, tha

This essay uses a microhistory of Chinese comfort women during the Asia-Pacific War to illuminate the gendered dynamics of violence and the contrasting emotions experienced by both sexually abused women and their Japanese perpetrators, forming a perpetrator-victim dyad. The essay employs the concept of intersectional emotions within a micro-historical framework to demonstrate that this violence ag

Maximizing the performance of crystal monochromators is a key aspect in the design of beamline optics for diffraction-limited synchrotron sources. Temperature and deformation of cryo-cooled crystals, illuminated by high-power beams of X-rays, can be estimated with a purely analytical model. The analysis is based on the thermal properties of cryo-cooled silicon crystals and the cooling geometry. De

DERA, 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase, catalyzes the retro-aldol cleavage of 2-deoxy-ribose-5-phosphate (dR5P) into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and acetaldehyde in a branch of the pentose phosphate pathway. In addition to the physiological reaction, DERA also catalyzes the reverse addition reaction and, hence, is an interesting candidate for bio-catalysis of carbo-ligation reactions, which

Sulfonate ester hydrolysis has been the subject of recent debate, with experimental evidence interpreted in terms of both stepwise and concerted mechanisms. In particular, a recent study of the alkaline hydrolysis of a series of benzene arylsulfonates (Babtie et al., Org. Biomol. Chem. 10, 2012, 8095) presented a nonlinear Brønsted plot, which was explained in terms of a change from a stepwise mec

Properties of characteristic modes of lossless scatterers breaking time-reversal symmetry are presented utilizing the scattering formulation of characteristic decomposition. Antennas connected to nonreciprocal circuits and moving material bodies are used as numerical examples.