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Cluster analysis of particle number size distributions from background sites across Europe is presented. This generated a total of nine clusters of particle size distributions which could be further combined into two main groups, namely: a south-to-north category (four clusters) and a west-to-east category (five clusters). The first group was identified as most frequently being detected inside and
Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) has a key role in migraine and recently CGRP receptor antagonists have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of migraine. However, it remains unclear where the CGRP receptors are located within the CGRP signaling pathway in the human trigeminal system and hence the potential antagonist sites of action remain unknown. Therefore we designed a study to
This paper presents a study of supported lipid bilayer (SIB) formation and subsequent protein binding using a sensor that combines localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring. The LSPR activity arises from silicon oxide (SiOx) coated nanometric apertures in a thin gold film, which also serves as the active electrode of a QCM-D crys
Background Ulcerative colitis is characterized by relapsing mucosal inflammation where the lesions include tissue-damaging granulocytes. In addition, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells play important pathophysiologic roles. Chemokines are a large family of peptides that play key roles in the regulation of inflammation. The CXC-chemokines, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha/CXCL1 and interleuki
Series of pots containing Scots pine seedlings and a humus-sand mixture were watered twice weekly for 398 d with different nutrient solutions (control treatment with complete plant nutrient solution less nitrogen; glucose addition; nitrogen addition; glucose and nitrogen addition). Analyses were made of organic and nitrogen contents in the substrate, plant weights and nitrogen contents, nitrogen f
Volatiles from chocolate mediate upwind flight behavior in Ephestia cautella and Plodia interpunctella. We used gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection and found 12 active compounds derived from three different chocolate types, i.e., plain, nut-containing, and rum-flavored. Eight of the compounds were identified with mass spectrometry, and the activity of three compounds, ethyl van
By regulating migration, proliferation and apoptosis as well as extracellular matrix synthesis and assembly, proteoglycans, integrins and the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex may be of great importance both during development and in vascular disease.
Twenty-four individuals, who were 16 years of age or younger when they sustained a fracture of the radial head or neck, were examined at a mean of 19 years (range 14-25 years) after injury. The 12 girls and 12 boys were a mean age of 11 years (range 5-16 years) when the fracture was sustained. Two were excluded due to late resection of the radial head following persisting pain. The fractures, whic
Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) oil was extracted and fractionated. To examine the contribution to toxicity and biological effects of different halogenated organic pollutants, the herring oil and the fractions were mixed into pelleted food and given to Sprague-Dawley female rats at three levels, corresponding to a human intake of 1.6, 8.2 and 34.4 kg fish per week. Herring oil, its fractions, as
We present a novel method for investigating subsite-substrate interactions of glycoside hydrolases and the determination of the oligosaccharide cleavage point based on the analysis of the hydrolysis products produced in the presence of (18)O-labelled water. Conventional techniques for such determination of the hydrolysis pattern call for the chemical modification of the substrate, whereas the meth
Objectives: During the last few years, clinical, epidemiological, and pathological evidence has suggested that inherited alpha-1 antitrypsin [AAT] deficiency might play a role in the development of the fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS], probably because of the loss of AAT anti-inflammatory efficacy. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and number of FMS patients, and their AAT phen
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Higher NEFA concentrations predict Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus but it is not known whether higher NEFA concentrations are genetically determined or reflect coexisting obesity. To address this question we studied whether common variants in two genes encoding for key regulators of lipolysis, the beta2- and beta3- adrenoceptors (B2AR and B3AR) are associated wit
The high resolution infrared gas phase spectrum of isoxazole in the range 600-1400 cm(-1) has been recorded and more precise centres obtained for a number of bands; analyses of the nu(7)(A') band at 1370.9 cm(-1) and the nu(16)(A") band at 764.9 cm(-1) have been performed. Use of the Watson Hamiltonian, A-reduction, IIIr-representation and simultaneous analysis of the present IR and previous micro
Histamine-producing ECL cells and ghrelin-producing A-like cells are endocrine/paracrine cell populations in the acid-producing part of the rat stomach. While the A-like cells operate independently of gastrin, the ECL cells respond to gastrin with mobilization of histamine and chromogranin A (CGA)-derived peptides, such as pancreastatin. Gastrin is often assumed to be the driving force behind the
Environmental samples (soil, sediment and lake water) in the Thule area (NW Greenland) have been studied to assess the contamination of radionuclides originating from a nuclear weapons accident (the Thule accident in 1968). Four lakes were chosen at different distances from the point of impact with the Thule air base community situated in between. The sedimentation rates in the lakes varied from 0
In contrast to some extensively examined food mutagens, for example, aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines, some other food contaminants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other aromatic compounds, have received less attention. Therefore, exploring the relationships between dietary habits and the levels of biomarkers related to exposure to aromatic compounds is
We have recently observed that DDT and a DDT metabolite, DDOH, conjugated to a fatty acid, palmitic acid, DDOH-PA, affects muscarinic cholinergic receptors (MAChR) in the neonatal mouse brain when given to suckling mice during rapid brain growth. This early exposure of the neonatal mouse also affects the behaviour of the animals as adults. When DDT and DDOH-PA was given as a single low oral dose o
A link between unsaturated fatty acids or phytonutrients and reduced risk of colorectal cancer has been suggested. However, the effects of higher intake of dietary sources of these nutrients, such as the nuts and seeds food group, are less clear. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nut and seed intake on colorectal cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation i
Murine monoclonal antibodies against the major cysteine proteinase inhibitors of human biological fluids, cystatin C and kininogen, were produced. The cystatin C antibody, HCC3, with a Ka of 2times107 l/mol, increased the inhibition of papain by cystatin C and was suitable for use in immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and in the construction of a sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay for quantif
