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Dating of sediment cores from the Baltic Sea has proven to be difficult due to uncertainties surrounding the C-14 reservoir age and a scarcity of macrofossils suitable for dating. Here we present the results of multiple dating methods carried out on cores in the Gotland Deep area of the Baltic Sea. Particular emphasis is placed on the Littorina stage (8 ka ago to the present) of the Baltic Sea and
The droplet aerosol analyzer (DAA) was developed to study the influence of aerosol properties on clouds. It measures the ambient particle size of individual droplets and interstitial particles, the size of the dry (residual) particles after the evaporation of water vapor and the number concentration of the dry (residual) particles. A method was developed for the evaluation of DAA data to obtain th
Baddeleyite (ZrO2) is today recognized as the key mineral for dating the emplacement of mantle-derived igneous rocks, primarily gabbro and dolerite dykes and sills. The comment by Michard and Gasquet calls for a discussion on the significance of baddeleyite U-Pb TIMS dates of two dykes in the Bas-Draa inlier, dated at 1381 +/- 8 and 1384 +/- 6 Ma, presented in El Bahat et al. (2013-in this issue).
A series of nine radiocarbon measurements obtained at increments of 50 years was used to wiggle match varved sediments in Lake Kalksjon (west central Sweden) to the calendar year time scale provided by the tree-ring-derived radiocarbon calibration curve. The anchor point for a series of 400 varves known to span the '8.2 kyr cold event' was derived from a combination of correlation analysis, Monte
The IntCal family of radiocarbon (14C) calibration curves is based on research spanning more than three decades. The IntCal group have collated the 14C and calendar age data (mostly derived from primary publications with other types of data and meta-data) and, since 2010, made them available for other sorts of analysis through an open-access database. This has ensured transparency in terms of the
The Sun is magnetically active and often produces eruptive events on different energetic and temporal scales. Until recently, the upper limit of such events was unknown and believed to be roughly represented by direct instrumental observations. However, two types of extreme events were discovered recently: extreme solar energetic particle events on the multi-millennial time scale and super-flares
Uppenbarelseboken avtäcker med sina fasansfulla syner – sin Apokalyps – vad som ska ske på den yttersta dagen, då allt ont ska förgås och ett nytt rike ska upprättas. Men numera menas ofta med apokalyps enbart den skräckfyllda, mytologiska spådomen om en framtida katastrof. Kan man istället förstå Uppenbarelsebokens syner som en varning, för den katastrof vi själva är med om att skapa här och nu,
OBJECTIVES: The aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.SETTING: Multisite
Future Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems need to combine heterogeneous IoT components and support weak connectivity. This paper introduces ComPOS, a domain-specific language for composing IoT services into systems. ComPOS is a small language but supports powerful message mediation, using stateful reactions with nested and parallel message sequences and anonymous futures. To deal with weak connectiv
The formation of platoons, where groups of vehicles follow each other at close distances, has the potential to increase road capacity. In this paper, a decentralized control approach is presented that extends the well-known constant headway vehicle following approach to the two-dimensional case, i.e., lateral control is included in addition to the longitudinal control. The presented control scheme
Understanding atmospheric response to radiative forcing, including the intensity and distribution of wind patterns is critical as this might have important implications in the coming decades. Long-term episodes of reduced solar activity (i.e. Grand Solar Minima, GSM) have triggered rapid climate change in the past, recorded in proxy-based records, including varved sediments from Meerfelder Maar, G
In this study, we investigated the regional contributions of carbon dioxide (CO2) at the location of the high Alpine observatory Jungfraujoch (JFJ, Switzerland, 3580ĝ€¯mĝ€¯a.s.l.). To this purpose, we combined receptor-oriented atmospheric transport simulations for CO2 concentration in the period 2009-2017 with stable carbon isotope (δ13C-CO2) information. We applied two Lagrangian particle disper
Atmospheric mineral dust not only interacts with the climate system by scattering incoming solar radiation and affecting atmospheric photochemistry, but also contributes critical nutrients to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. In a high-resolution analysis of paleodust deposition, peat development and soil dust sources, we assess the interplay between dust deposition and bog development of the Dav
John-Paul Himka’s new book, Ukrainian Nationalists and the Holocaust: OUN and UPA’s Participation in the Destruction of Ukrainian Jewry, 1941-1944, represents a milestone in research on the complicity of the OUN-UPA in the Holocaust. Based on decades worth of research in dozens of archives around the world, Himka makes a well-documented and indisputable case for Ukrainian nationalist involvement i
During solar storms, large amounts of solar energetic particles (SEP) are accelerated into the interplanetary medium and sometimes hit Earth. These events, known as SEP events, can have harmful impacts on our modern society by affecting spacecrafts and potentially astronauts in space. The first directly observed solar storm was the Carrington event in 1859 which is linked to disruptions of the tel
Today the Unified Glare Rating (UGR) tabular method according to CIE 117-195 and CIE 190-210 is practically the only one used for evaluation of discomfort glare in the lighting design process but it is unknown if the method is in line with the subjective perception of glare (SGI). We investigated whether UGR calculation method currently used in lighting design is in agreement with the perceived di
Aim: Limited evidence exists on the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure on metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. We aimed to assess the effects of multiple chemicals on the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and MASLD in adolescents, and to further explore the potential roles of inflammation and lifestyle factors. Methods: Associations between che
Cholesterol is an essential membrane component enriched in plasma membranes, growth cones, and synapses. The brain normally synthesizes all cholesterol locally, but the contribution of individual cell types to brain cholesterol metabolism is unknown. To investigate whether cortical projection neurons in vivo essentially require cholesterol biosynthesis and which cell types support neurons, we have
