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Purpose: To investigate differences in calculated doses and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) values between different dose algorithms. Methods: Six dose algorithms from four different treatment planning systems were investigated: Eclipse AAA, Oncentra MasterPlan Collapsed Cone and Pencil Beam, Pinnacle Collapsed Cone and XiO Multigrid Superposition, and Fast Fourier Transform Convolut
The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) aimed for a one-dimensional quantity adequately reflecting the human physiological reaction to the multi-dimensionally defined actual outdoor thermal environment. The human reaction was simulated by the UTCI-Fiala multi-node model of human thermoregulation, which was integrated with an adaptive clothing model. Following the concept of an equivalent temper
The best valve substitute for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in terms of hemodynamic performance, durability, incidence of complications, and survival remains the subject of much debate. It has been suggested that valve performance is influenced by the potentially modifiable variable prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM). PPM has been reported to be detrimental for survival and symptom resolution main
This is a qualitative study on the characters of Ronja, the robber’s daughter and how they have been interpreted in Studio Ghibli’s anime version. It focuses on characterization from the perspective of role language and character language and how they reinforce the themes and characters of Ronja. Example sentences have been analyzed and discussed from various major characters. In summary, role lan
This thesis examines how sustainability is prioritised politically and integrated in the Danish municipal primary and lower secondary education. It consults representatives from the Ministry of Education, the unicipality of Copenhagen and ten lower secondary education teachers about their perceptions of sustainability and education and their experiences with integration of sustainability education
The current reality is that cities are losing green spaces rather than creating more of them, leading to many urban challenges. Urban nature-based solutions (NbS), through renaturing urban landscapes, are seen as a promising solution to help cities deal with climate change and build a better future for communities worldwide. In Europe, specifically, NbS is also seen as a way of boosting green innov
The maturation of whisky is a long and complex process, the extremely long waiting time causes a large cost for new whisky distilleries, and without sufficient funding, it is hard to start a whisky business. To produce satisfying whisky products within the short term, accelerating the reaction during aging provides a promising approach. Various chemical reactions take place during this stage, this
Metals play a key role as a cornerstone of our modern society; they are part of the most basic elements of our daily life and have been part of our lifestyles for millennia. Current trends of metal production point out that developing countries in order to attain a developed-countries consumption level will require 3-9 times the present metal stock per capita, yet their mining practices are far fr
Countries around the world are employing renewable energy policies to increase renewable electricity in their electricity mix. Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), located in the Caribbean, has endogenous sources of oil and natural gas and has not yet capitalised on sources of renewable energy. The country‟s electricity is currently dominantly generated from natural gas however the natural gas reserves
As previous research on content-specificity of the neural correlates of recollection is inconclusive, event-related potentials were used to assess old/new effects for faces, objects and words. The data demonstrate temporal differences in ERP old/new effects as a function of item type, supporting the notion that material-dependent processes underlie recollection-related neural activity. The results
I denna avhandling har jag kritiserat EPI (Environmental Performance Index) och det sätt ett lands hållbarhetspolicy tenderar att mätas. Jag har granskat tidigare bortsedda aspekter av nationernas miljöpolicy och försökt föra dem fram i hopp om att dessa kommer att användas för framtida miljömätningar. Jag har också tittat på sambandet mellan jämställdhet och statlig miljö och försökt hitta empiri
This thesis explores the European Commission’s proposal on General Reverse Charge Mechanism. VAT is a final tax on consumption. It is imposed on every transaction in the supply chain with the general aim of being deductible and thus being neutral for businesses with the right to deduct. The initial aim of the VAT system was to operate as if all the transactions occurred in one single country; howe
The purpose of this study is to explore the opportunities and challenges for self-employed artists who use social media for their business. The research is focused on painters and illustrators who have digitalised and commercialised their own artwork. The method follows a qualitative research framework with a comparative design of multiple cases on the level of individual artists. Seven artists fr
Purpose: The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, we aimed to develop a framework concerning how to directly and indirectly control discrimination in the workplace using Man- agement Control Systems (MCS). Second, we wanted to examine whether this framework is practically applicable in multinational enterprises (MNE). Methodology: The first part of the purpose was achieved through conduc
Urbanisation is an inevitable part of globalisation. With the globalised food chain in place to feed the growing number of people living in urban areas. A remedy is often expressed to be urban farming, with local, sustainable production of food. This study presents a preliminary assessment of the dynamics between urban farms and residents in Malmö. Urban farms produce available food for the reside
The Swedish construction industry is subject to a high rate of occupational injuries, where overload factors are a significant cause. Through Human Activity Recognition, movement data can be collected and analyzed, enabling the identification of harmful movement patterns with the use of machine learning. This study aims to describe the environmental barriers and stakeholder attitudes towards a sma
In this essay I discuss different normative foundations - theories of political ethics, for proposed cures to market failures. In addition to empirically match what cure fit what type of market failure, I posit the notion that the normative position of an economist, or policy maker, or of a group, concerned with these problems, delimits the options available for recommending, or analysing, what co
En av de stora utmaningarna inom den internationella handelsrätten idag är hur man ska kunna förbättra situationen för utvecklingsländer inom den internationella handeln. Denna uppsats belyser specifika undantagsregler, inom WTO-rätten, som har till ändamål att öka utvecklingsländers möjligheter att delta i den internationella handeln. Industriländer tilldelar utvecklingsländer, i enlighet med WTOOne of the current challenges within the field of international trade law is how to meet the special needs of developing countries and how to a greater extent include these countries in the world trading system. This thesis examines a particular set of exception rules that exist on behalf of developing countries. Developing countries are, in accordance with WTO law, granted different tariff prefer
In this study we investigated if stereotype conceptions against groups of people can be suppressed by retrieval practice and thereby affect implicit associations. Previous research of retrieval-induced forgetting has shown that interfering memories are inhibited and weakened by retrieval practice. Our hypothesis was that retrieval practice of features incongruent to a stereotype would cause memory
The goal of this paper is to examine various representations of the third tone in Standard Chinese, both in academic literature and textbooks for beginners, and then evaluate what consequences the choice of representation has for tone instruction. It was found that linguists primarily prefer two models, even though slight deviations were found: either a traditional approach describing the third to
