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Despite the enormous economic and health-related burdens caused by respiratory infectious diseases globally, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding how these are spread by aerosols. The covid-19 pandemic made it clear that understanding airborne transmission is especially important in healthcare, where workers and patients are highly exposed to sources of virus. This thesis aims to advance
Male reproductive impairment has been linked with an increased risk of numerous non-communicable diseases. Yet, epidemiological data on renal disease among subfertile men is scarce. Therefore, by using male childlessness as a proxy for male infertility, we aimed to investigate its association with renal function. Data was sourced from a population-based cohort including 22,444 men. After exclusion
Background: Detailed preoperative information is associated with superior outcomes. We aimed to describe the recovery pattern after decompression of central lumbar spinal stenosis (CLSS). Methods: 50 patients aged 51–85 years who underwent decompression without fusion due to CLSS were followed from before to after surgery (post-op day 1, 7, and 14). Back and leg pain were evaluated using the Numer
Soil factors responsible for the inability of Visearía vulgaris to colonize or survive on calcareous soils in Scandinavia were studied using experiments with plant establishment from seeds and re-establishment of mature plants, in soils of naturally differing or artificially varied chemical properties. Limestone soil proved less suitable for re-establishment of mature plants, and establishment fro
Den femtonde nationella konferensen i svenska med didaktisk inriktning hölls vid Lunds universitet den 23-24 november 2022. Temat var Språk och litteratur - en omöjlig eller skön förening? I denna volym presenteras dom tre plenarföreläsarna samt ett urval av sektionsbidragen. Texterna är på svenska, danska och norska, och inbegriper nära nog hela forskningsfältet svenska med didaktisk inriktning.
IntroductionPrevious studies show that approximately 40% of hospital readmissions in older adults are medication-related and that about 70% of these could be prevented. A risk assessment tool aiming to identify older adults at increased risk of medication-related readmission could help maximize the impact of implemented preventive measures and save healthcare resources. In this study we made furth
Background: Most studies infer increasing incidence of proximal humeral fractures (PHF) from the 1950´s until the 1990´s. Recent time trends are less clear. Objectives: Our primary objective was to identify time trends in the age- and sex-adjusted adult incidence of PHF in Malmö, Sweden, from year 1944 until 2020. Our secondary objectives were to describe the variation in incidence according to ag
BACKGROUND: This study investigates the excess costs of dementia from healthcare, social care services, and prescription drugs 3 years before to 6 years after diagnosis. Further, sociodemographic cost differences are explored.METHODS: Using Swedish register data from 2013 to 2016 to compare individuals diagnosed with dementia (n = 15,339) with population controls, the excess formal care costs for
Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) often have an extensive and complex disease panorama. However, more knowledge is needed about the disease panorama to gain a deeper understanding of co-morbidity and potential care needs.Methods: Among all people living in Skåne on January 1st, 2014, we established a cohort of 14 716 people with ID (either diagnosis of ID (F7) or Down Syndrome
Purpose – This research analyzes online consumer reviews and ratings to assess e-retail order fulfillment performance. The study aims to (1) identify consumer journey touchpoints in the order fulfillment process and (2) determine their relative importance for the consumer experience.Design/methodology/approach – Text mining and analytics were employed to examine over 100 m online purchase orders,
Background: Endoscopic resection of T1 colon cancer (CC) is currently limited by guidelines related to risk of lymph node metastases. However, clinical outcome following endoscopic and surgical resection is poorly investigated. Method: A retrospective multicentre national cohort study was conducted on prospectively collected data from the Swedish colorectal cancer registry on all non-pedunculated
Background Ozone is a pollutant known to cause adverse effects on human health. It is formed by reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbons under the influence of sunlight. In urban areas ozone is consumed oxidating nitrogen oxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Despite the potential to cause adverse health effects, the local spatial distribution of ozone and the relationship between
A key strategy to support the vision of a circular economy is to promote the consumption of more sustainable products. Both the EU and its Member States have therefore adopted several policies to support this objective. We review these policies and discuss their potential to trigger changes in consumer behaviour. The discussion is focused on five ‘points of intervention’: (1) regulatory choice edi
The disparity between increased lifespan and healthy aging, marked by prevalent “inflammaging”, highlights the global challenge in care of older persons. This study explored the anti-inflammatory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HEAL9 (LpHEAL9), alone or combined with berries, on older volunteers with chronic low-grade inflammation (LGI). It was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controll
Background: The Nordic countries represent a unique case study for the COVID-19 pandemic due to socioeconomic and cultural similarities, high-quality comparable administrative register data and notable differences in mitigation policies during the pandemic. We aimed to compare weekly excess mortality in the Nordic countries across the three full pandemic years 2020–2022. Methods: Using data on wee
Environmental problems, combined with European Union environmental and energy policies shaped to address them, have created pressures for change. Some of these open significant opportunities to renew industries. This report delivers new understanding of the potential of circular economy for sustainable renewal of manufacturing in bio-based industries. With particular focus on novel value chains, i
Bridging the pressure gap between surface science studies and industrial processes requires a combination of well-studied reactions, model systems as catalysts, and advanced techniques capable of detecting structural changes under realistic pressure conditions. Observations from such studies provide helpful insight into the present phases of the gas-surface boundary and transitions that happen dur
