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Purpose of review: The main goal of this narrative review is to assess whether physical activity (PA) influences peak bone mass and fracture risk. Recent findings: Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) show that short-term PA intervention programs in childhood improve the accrual of bone mineral. There are now also long-term controlled PA intervention studies demonstrating that both boys and
Steam is a common medium in thermal engineering. When it flows through a throttling element, the aerodynamic noise may occur due to the disturbance. In this investigation, superheated steam flowing through a Venturi tube, one of the main parts in a temperature and pressure regulation valve, at different thermal conditions is studied to analyze to effects of heat transfer on the acoustic power. Wit
Introduction: Obese primiparous women with induction of labor are at high risk for a cesarean section. There are contradictory results regarding time in induced labor in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI). It is important to characterize the course of induced labor to prevent unnecessary cesarean section. We aimed to evaluate whether the duration of labor was associated with maternal BMI i
In the present paper, the heat transfer of gravity-driven dense particle flow around five different shapes of tubes is numerically studied using discrete element method (DEM). The velocity vector, particle contact number, particle contact time and heat transfer coefficient of particle flow at different particle zones around the tube are carefully analyzed. The results show that the effect of tube
This update of the Xg blood group system (Johnson NC. XG: The forgotten blood group system. Immunohematology 2011;27:68-71) notes the identification of a cis-regulatory element of both XG and CD99 expression, remarkably by two independent groups during 2018, and confirmed by another in 2019. A single nucleotide change at the XG locus (rs311103) abolishes GATA1 binding and suppresses both XG and CD
Dropwise condensation has drawn significant attention due to its efficient heat transfer performance compared to filmwise condensation. In this paper, typical experimental data for dropwise condensation on smooth hydrophobic surfaces were collected as well as the typical available heat transfer models. The comparisons between the prediction results and the experimental data indicated that the exis
Inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers have been associated with obesity, but little is known about how they change upon dietary intervention and concomitant weight loss. Further, protein biomarkers might be useful for predicting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. We performed secondary analyses in the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DI
Magnetic hysteresis is a direct manifestation of nonequilibrium physics that has to be understood if a system is to be used for information storage and processing. The dilanthanide endofullerene Tb2ScN@C80 is shown to be a single-molecule magnet with a remanence time on the order of 100 s at 400 mK. Three different temperature-dependent relaxation barriers are discerned. The lowest 1 K barrier is
Background/Aims: Prospective data on age-related changes in kidney function are required, especially since the current Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition has been suggested to classify a large number of elderly people with CKD. Objective: This study, a complement to our previous Cr-based study in the same cohort, is aimed at evaluating cystatin C (cysC)-based changes in ki
Grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction was employed to measure, operando, during electrochemical hydrogen charging, the lattice strain development of the near-surface in super duplex stainless steel under applied tensile load. Hydrogen absorption led to the formation of tensile strains in both the austenite (γ) and ferrite (δ) phases perpendicular to the loading axis, whereas compressive strains were
In this paper, a corrugated plate heat exchanger in solar energy systems is used to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of various nanofluids. By adding various nanoparticles (Al2O3-30 nm, SiC-40 nm, CuO-30 nm and Fe3O4-25 nm) into the base fluid, effects of nanofluid types and particle concentrations (0.05 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.%) on the thermal performance of t
Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid Taylor flows in a mini tube with 1 mm inner tube diameter were investigated numerically using a moving frame of reference method. A CuO/water nanofluid was used as the continuous phase, while nitrogen was adopted as the dispersed phase. The inlet Reynolds number ranged from 250 to 600, and the volume concentration of the CuO particles w
The Klotho (KL) gene is involved in phosphate homeostasis. Polymorphisms in this gene have been reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Here we used computational tools to predict the damage-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human KL gene. We further investigated the association of SNPs in the KL gene and mortality in the Swedish multicenter prospe
An innovative alternating V-rows triangular tube layout was devised for the twisted elliptical tube heat exchangers to enhance heat transfer between adjacent tubes. Under the same tube circumference, altogether eleven twisted elliptical tube heat exchangers with two tube layouts, diverse aspect ratios of twisted elliptical tubes and different twisted pitches were constructed and simulated, includi
Low-dimensionality materials are highly susceptible to interfaces. Indeed, intercalation of different chemical species in between epitaxial graphene and silicon carbide (SiC), for instance, may decouple the graphene with respect to the substrate due to the conversion of the buffer layer into a graphene layer. O-intercalation is known to release the strain of such 2D material and to lead to the for
A native passive film on 25Cr-7Ni super duplex stainless steel was analyzed using synchrotron hard X-ray photoemission electron microscopy, focusing on variations between individual grains of ferrite and austenite phases. The film consists of an oxide inner layer and an oxyhydroxide outer layer, in total 2.3 nm thick. The Cr content is higher in the outer than the inner layer, ca. 80 % on average.
Background and purpose — As previous studies indicate time trends in pediatric fracture incidence, we followed the incidence in a Swedish city between 1950 and 2016. Patients and methods — Malmö city, Sweden had 322,574 inhabitants in 2015. We used diagnosis registry, charts, and radiographs of the only city hospital to classify fractures in individuals < 16 years in 2014–2016, and compared these
