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In this study a Partial Least Squares Projection of Latent Structures (PLS) model has been developed forpredicting the rejection of pharmaceutical residuals by nanofiltration (NF) using treated municipalwastewater as feed. The objective was to provide a practical tool for wastewater reuse facilities for estimatingthe rejection of emerging organic contaminants based on their physiochemical characte
Reactions of 4-thio-2′-deoxyuridine d(s4U) and 4-thiouridine 5′-monophosphate s4UMP with trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/– (Y = CN– or NH3) have been investigated by conventional and high-pressure stopped-flow spectrophotometry in aqueous solution with 2.9 ⩽ pH ⩽ 7.0. For a given combination of metal complex and sulfur donor the observed second-order rate constants decreased with increasing pH. In the pH range 2
Background: Web-based interventions with a focus on behavior change have been used for pain management, but studies of Web-based interventions integrated in clinical practice are lacking. To emphasize the development of cognitive skills and behavior, and to increase activity and self-care in rehabilitation, the Web Behavior Change Program for Activity (Web-BCPA) was developed and added to multimod
The human placenta is a critical life-support system that nourishes and protects a rapidly growing fetus; a unique organ, species specific in structure and function. We consider the pressing challenge of providing additional advice on the safety of prescription medicines and environmental exposures in pregnancy and how ex vivo and in vitro human placental models might be advanced to reproducible h
In the late 19th century, political debates emerged in Sweden and Norway as well as in Finland concerning Travelling families – in this article defined as indigenous itinerant families whom the settled population pejoratively designated with terms such as ‘tatere’ (Norway), ‘tattare’ (Sweden) or ‘zigenare’ (Finland). In this article, these debates are compared, and the transfer of ideas and propos
We discuss finite volume effects and partial quenching for Chiral Perturbation Theory in the mesonic sector. The effects are computed in terms of analytical expressions for masses, decay constants and vacuum expectation values (VEVs) to two-loop order. Numerical examples are presented for a number of interesting and relevant cases. All numerical programs are publically available, the prospects of
SynopsisVarious protolytic species of thiols RSH (thioglycolic acid, l-cysteine, dl-penicillamine, and glutathione) in rapid equilibria with each other reduce trans-[Pt(CN)4Cl2]2- in parallel, halide-bridged electron transfer reactions. A linear Brønsted correlation between the reactivity of the thiolate anions RS- and their basicity is observed. The mechanism derived might be used as a model for
Marine energy technologies can contribute to meeting sustainability challenges, but they are still immature and dependent on public support. This paper employs the Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) framework to analyze the development and diffusion of Swedish marine energy up until 2014. While there were promising device developers, relevant industrial capabilities, and world-class research,
A chaos expanded Fourier split-step method is derived and applied to a narrow-angle parabolic equation. The parabolic equation has earlier been used to study deterministic settings. In this paper we develop a spectral-based Fourier split-step method that will take a limited degree of information about the environment into account. Our main focus is on proposing an efficient method for computationa
Enligt en etablerad teori om utvecklingen av politiskt styre i Europas förflutna går beskattning hand i hand med folkrepresentation. Härskare i finansiella trångmål blev nämligen mer eller mindre tvungna att erbjuda politiska fri- och rättigheter i utbyte mot folkets bidrag till statskassan. I denna avhandling undersöker jag det rakt motsatta antagandet: är det även så att icke-skatter går hand i According to a venerable argument about the formation of political regimes in historical Europe, taxation goes hand in hand with representation, as financial needs forced rulers to trade rights for revenue. In this dissertation I explore the reverse assumption, asking whether it is the case that non-taxation went hand in hand with non-representation? I argue that early modern rulers who had access
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is currently considered a risk factor for stroke. Depending on the severity of clinical factors (risk scores) a recommendation for full anticoagulation is made. Although AF is most certainly a risk factor for ischemic stroke, it is not necessarily the direct cause of it. The causality of association between AF and ischemic stroke is questioned by the reported lack of tempo
Artros är en vanligt förekommande ledsjukdom som kan leda till stelhet ochsmärta i den drabbade leden. Sjukdomen innebär att det sker en nedbrytning av det brosk som fungerar som smörjmedel och skyddande lager runt benändarna i leden. Nedbrytningen av brosket sker gradvis under flera år och oftast upptäcker man sjukdomen först i ett sent stadium när man börjar känna smärta eller få problem med rörOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that affects articular cartilage, which covers the surfaces of the bones in synovial joints. At later stages the disease can result in major loss of articular cartilage and thus lead to major disability. In order to allow for an early detection and treatment of OA, it is necessary to better understand the rather subtle biochemical changes in the cartil
Background: Accurate assessment of myocardium at risk (MaR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is necessary when assessing myocardial salvage. Contrast-enhanced steady-state free precession (CE-SSFP) is a recently developed cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) method for assessment of MaR up to 1 week after AMI. Our aim was to validate CE-SSFP for determination of MaR in an experimental po
Pepper spray (OC) is a policing tool aimed to prevent or stop aggressive behavior by quickly and temporarily incapacitate without injuring. To date, few studies have investigated OC’s operational usefulness and limitations. OC reduced violent behavior in 93% of the 936 incidents investigated. However, the operative range was often <2 m and it took between 3 and 5 s of spraying before obtaining eff
Flight control in insects is heavily dependent on vision. Thus, in dim light, the decreased reliability of visual signal detection also prompts consequences for insect flight. We have an emerging understanding of the neural mechanisms that different species employ to adapt the visual system to low light. However, much less explored are comparative analyses of how low light affects the flight behav
