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The development of sensitive, convenient, and cost-effective methods for detecting disease biomarkers is very important for meeting the growing demand for early clinical diagnosis. Additionally, the detection of disease biomarkers at ultralow concentrations is very important for disease prevention and treatment and posttreatment rehabilitation. However, current ultrasensitive detection strategies

Background: Malnutrition, sedentary lifestyle, cognitive dysfunction and poor psychological well-being are often reported in patients on haemodialysis (HD). Aims: We aimed to explore needs, barriers and facilitators—as perceived by patients, their carers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) for increasing the adherence to the diet, to physical activity and cognition and psychological well-being. M

In this paper, Safety Control Barrier Functions (SCBFs) were used to adjust the null-space compliant behavior of a redundant robot to improve safety in Human–Robot Collaboration (HRC) without modifying the robot behavior with respect to its main Cartesian task. A Lyapunov function was included in an energy storage formulation compatible with strict passivity to provide global asymptotic stability

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a pervasive and incapacitating sequela of diabetes, affecting a significant proportion of those diagnosed with the disease, yet an effective treatment remains elusive. Vitamins have been extensively studied, emerging as a promising target for diagnosing and treating various systemic diseases, but their role in DPN is not known. This review collates and synth

Depressive and anxiety disorders are leading causes of disability globally. Therapist-guided, Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is an established treatment for depression and anxiety, but a considerable proportion of treated patients do not achieve sufficient improvement. Predicting symptom changes based solely on clinical variables is challenging, and genetic data could offer

Purpose: Abdominal wall complications can be reduced by adhering to guidelines for midline laparotomy closure. However, implementation of guidelines can be challenging. To address this issue, a laparotomy closure device for swift and standardized abdominal closure was developed. The study evaluated the quality of the suture, safety, and speed of the device in a clinical setting. Methods: A prospec

In this paper we show that OpenAI’s Large Language Model (LLM) GPT perform remarkably well when used for title and abstract eligibility screening of scientific articles and within a (systematic) literature review workflow. We evaluated GPT on screening data from a systematic review study on electric vehicle charging infrastructure demand with almost 12,000 records using the same eligibility criter

Global policies, legislation, and eco-friendly initiatives have induced the steel industry to integrate sustainable development approaches. Sustainability requires all phases from raw material sourcing to transportation to waste and carbon footprint elimination—yielding positive effects. This research employs a two-step approach in sustainability. The first phase entails conducting a systematic li

Background Suicide attempts are common in youth and have potentially lethal outcomes. Effective treatments targeting suicide attempts are scarce. Objective To assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a family-based cognitive behavioural treatment relative to an active control for youth with suicidal behaviour. Methods 30 youths (93% female; mean (SD) age=14.6 (1.5) years) residing in Swe

Abstract Herein we report on the decarboxylative alkenylation between alkyl carboxylic acids and enol triflates. The reaction is mediated by a dual catalytic nickel and iridium system, operating under visible light irradiation. Two competing catalytic pathways, from the excited state iridium photocatalyst, are identified. One is energy transfer from the excited state, resulting in formation of an

Key questions for understanding hippocampal function in memory and navigation in humans are the type and source of visual information that reaches the human hippocampus. We measured bidirectional pairwise effective connectivity with functional magnetic resonance imaging between 360 cortical regions while 956 Human Connectome Project participants viewed scenes, faces, tools, or body parts. We devel

INTRODUCTION: We evaluated differences in p-tau levels between Alzheimer's disease (AD), a condition with brain-specific changes in p-tau, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a condition associated with increases in peripheral p-tau levels. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma from 668 participants were analyzed using immunoassays specific for the low-molecular-weight (LMW) tau isoforms pr

Despite the crucial role of various insulin analogs in achieving satisfactory glycemic control, a comprehensive understanding of their in-solution dynamic mechanisms still holds the potential to further optimize rapid insulin analogs, thus significantly improving the well-being of individuals with Type 1 Diabetes. Here, we employed hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry to decipher the mole

För att främja ett aktivt och hälsosamt åldrande (AHA) är det avgörande att förstå hur olika generationer använder digitala teknologier, då dessa verktyg blir en alltmer integrerad del av vardagen. Detta avhandlingsprojekt undersökte teknikanvändning bland kvinnor och män i tre åldersgrupper som representerar olika generationer (30–39, 50–59 och 70–79 år), med fokus på attityder, användningsmönsteTo promote active and healthy ageing (AHA), it is essential to understand how different generations engage with digital technologies, as these tools are becoming increasingly integral to everyday life. This thesis project explored technology adoption among men and women from three age groups representing different generations (30–39, 50–59 and 70–79 years), focusing on attitudes, usage patterns, a

BACKGROUND: Omentectomy has traditionally been performed in gastric cancer surgery, but omental preservation has become increasingly common. It is unclear whether omentectomy leads to additional survival benefit compared with omental preservation. This nationwide population-based cohort study aimed to assess survival and surgical outcomes comparing omental preservation to omentectomy in curative-i

In mouse early pachytene spermatocytes, the X and Y chromosomes undergo rapid non-homologous (NH) synapsis and desynapsis, but the functional significance remains unknown. Here, we report that pachynema-specific knockout of Speedy A (SpdyA) from telomeres caused persistent Y-X NH synapsis, with the entire Y axis synapsed onto the X axis. This persistent Y-X NH synapsis did not interrupt meiotic se

Naturvetenskap, teknik, ingenjörsvetenskap och matematik, på engelska ofta grupperade under akronymen STEM, är traditionellt mansdominerade områden. Särskilt inom ingenjörsvetenskap och teknologi är kvinnor fortfarande kraftigt underrepresenterade. Bristen på kvinnor inom STEM innebär utmaningar i att möta arbetsmarknadens behov, för produktkvalitet på grund av brist på olika perspektiv i designprScience, technology, engineering and mathematics, often grouped under the acronym STEM, are traditionally male dominated fields. Especially in engineering and technology, women continue to be heavily underrepresented. The lack of women in STEM poses challenges for meeting the labor market demands, for product quality due to a lack of diverse perspectives in the design process, and for gender equal

How we teach is strongly influenced by the culture we teach in, especially what (we believe) our colleagues think is good and acceptable. Understanding the reluctance to changes in teaching practice, including fear of disapproval from colleagues and students, investigating and reappraising those fears, and starting to talk about alternative interpretations is a first step towards overcoming the in

A novel concept of cold neutron source employing chessboard or staircase assemblies of high-aspect-ratio rectangular para-hydrogen moderators with well-developed and practically fully illuminated surfaces of the individual moderators is proposed. An analytic approach for calculating the brightness of para-hydrogen moderators is introduced. Because the brightness gain originates from a near-surface