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BACKGROUND: Reproductive factors have been shown to be differentially associated with risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. However, their associations with intrinsic-like subtypes are less clear.METHODS: Analyses included up to 23 353 cases and 71 072 controls pooled from 31 population-based case-control or cohort studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortiu

BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk score (PRS), calculated based on genome-wide association studies (GWASs), can improve breast cancer (BC) risk assessment. To date, most BC GWASs have been performed in individuals of European (EUR) ancestry, and the generalisation of EUR-based PRS to other populations is a major challenge. In this study, we examined the performance of EUR-based BC PRS models in Ashkenazi

Surgical site infections (SSI) are a clinical and economic burden. Suture-associated SSI may develop when bacteria colonize the suture surface and form biofilms that are resistant to antibiotics. Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptide (TCP)-25 is a host defense peptide with a unique dual mode of action that can target both bacteria and the excessive inflammation induced by bacterial products. The pep

The incredible thing with blood stem cells, also known as hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), is that they can restore normal hematopoiesis in patients that need a new blood system. Since a prerequisite for successful transplantation is immune compatibility, it requires large donor registries to find a suitable match for a recipient. Unfortunately, there is still a shortage of immune-compatible donors

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of kynurenine/tryptophan ratio for tuberculosis (TB) case-finding among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive people with HIV (PWH), and to investigate other factors associated with kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in this population. Design: A nested case-control study based on a cohort of 812 ambulatory PWH in the Oromia region, Ethiopia. Me

BACKGROUND: Antibody-based constructs for molecular imaging and therapeutic delivery provide promising opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVES: The authors aimed to generate and characterize immunoglobulin (Ig)G monoclonal autoantibodies in atherosclerosis for targeting of novel molecular determinants.METHODS: The authors created hybridomas from an unimmunized l

The bone marrow microenvironment provides indispensable factors to sustain blood production throughout life. It is also a hotspot for the progression of hematologic disorders and the most frequent site of solid tumor metastasis. Preclinical research relies on xenograft mouse models, but these models preclude the human-specific functional interactions of stem cells with their bone marrow microenvir

Background/Purpose: There has been increasing interest in diet as a factor that may contribute to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is limited and somewhat contradictory information on the impact of dairy products in this context. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between intake of various dairy products and the risk of RA in a nested case-control study.Me

We aimed to investigate a hypothesised association between daily mean temperature and the risk of surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). For the period of 1 January 2005 until 31 December 2019, we collected daily data on mean temperatures and date of 2995 operations for ATAAD at 10 Nordic cities included in the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) collaborati

With the emerging technology called the Internet of Things (IoT), we can now connect computing devices and sensors to the Internet. The IoT sensors serve to collect data, pushing it and sharing it with a whole network of connected devices. We decided to explore how to utilize IoT data to increase the user experience from a commercial gym application called Advagym. Advagym is a commercial solution

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were an important precursor to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence, identifying the conditions that made the MDGs successful enhances our understanding of global goal-setting and informs the global endeavour to achieve the SDGs. Drawing on a comprehensive review of 316 articles published between 2009 and 2018, we identify six factors that have en

The ongoing digitalisation of societies, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to increased efforts to ensure the digital inclusion of older adults. Digital inclusion strategies throughout the COVID-19 pandemic predominantly focused on increasing access and basic digital literacy of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for all members of society. Older adults, who are more lik

Comparing 3D neutron and X-ray microtomography (NCT and XCT) results of fully pyrolyzed and pristine samples, we observed that the contrast in the neutron images increased for the carbonized samples, suggesting that H would be concentrated at the surface of the carbonized material structure.

Phytoglobins (Pgb) (plant hemoglobins) are heme-containing proteins and less well known in comparison to the mammalian counterparts hemoglobin (Hb) andmyoglobin (Mb). They share the same secondary structure as other globin-related proteins, six to eight α-helices comprising the myoglobin-fold (Mb-fold) with one prosthetic heme moiety per subunit. Pgbs are divided into different classes, where the Phytoglobins (Pgb) (plant hemoglobins) are heme-containing proteins and less well known in comparison to the mammalian counterparts hemoglobin (Hb) andmyoglobin (Mb). They share the same secondary structure as other globin-related proteins, six to eight α-helices comprising the myoglobin-fold (Mb-fold) with one prosthetic heme moiety per subunit. Pgbs are divided into different classes, where the

Complex diseases are caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors and comprise common noncommunicable diseases, including allergies, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and metabolic disorders. More than 25% of Europeans suffer from a complex disease, and together these diseases account for 70% of all deaths. The use of genomic, molecular, or imaging data to develop

Purpose: The majority of women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed in late stages. Most women do have symptoms prior to diagnosis, sometimes several months before the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the timeline from the first presentation of symptoms to a physician until there is a reasonable suspicion of cancer, among women diagnosed with advanced stage ovarian cancer. We wanted t

Background: Early detection of treatment response is important for the management of patients with malignant brain tumors such as glioblastoma to assure good quality of life in relation to therapeutic efficacy. Aim: To investigate whether parametric response mapping (PRM) with diffusion MRI may provide prognostic information at an early stage of standard therapy for glioblastoma. Materials and met