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The exchange of carbohydrates and mineral nutrients in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis must be controlled by both partners in order to sustain an evolutionarily stable mutualism. Plants down-regulate their carbon flow to the fungus when nutrient levels are sufficient, while the mechanism controlling fungal nutrient transfer is unknown. Here we show that the fungus accumulates nutrients when c
CaO-based sorbents are considered suitable candidates for cyclic CO2 capture at high temperatures. However, the CO2 capture capacities of natural CaO-based sorbents decrease sharply after only a few cycles. This paper presents a novel wet mixing combustion synthesis to improve the cyclic CO2 capture performance of CaO-based sorbents. Results show that preparation conditions significantly affected
Popular Abstract in Swedish De flesta cancerpatienter dör på grund av spridning av tumörceller till olika organ. Invasiv och metastaserande cancer svarar ofta inte på behandling och blir då i många fall dödlig. Leukemi är en elakartad sjukdom av blodceller, som påverkar blod-producerande organ. Den höga förekomsten av leukemi förekommer i äldre befolkningen och hos barn. Leukemi återfall och resiThe majority of current treatments used for treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and leukemia are often limited to a narrow subsets of treated patients. As such, there still remains a significant scope for gaining deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis for improvement of targeted treatment. Elevated expression of a cell cycle regulator cyclin A1 initiated leukemia
Quantum transport of strongly correlated fermions is of central interest in condensed matter physics. While the stationary expansion dynamics have recently been measured with cold atoms in 2D optical lattices, ab initio simulations have been limited to 1D setups so far. Here, we present the first precise fermionic quantum dynamics simulations for 2D and 3D. The simulations are based on nonequilibr
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are challenging as they represent a morphologically and genetically heterogeneous groups of tumors. A multitude of genetic changes, often in the form of fusion genes, were recognized during the 1980's and now constitute a diagnostic lexicon in several STS subtypes, whereas many of the more common subtypes are genetically complex without distinct alterations. Refined STS
Removal of disease-driving inflammatory leucocytes is central to resolution of inflammation. The current pharmacological dogma teaches leucocyte elimination through apoptosis followed by phagocytosis. However, actual resolving roles of apoptotic-phagocytic processes have been difficult to demonstrate in the major diseases that are characterized by mucosal tissue inflammation. Many current in vivo
The overall aim of this research was to investigate the safety of oral care in terms of intracranial dynamics and changes in oral health during intubation and 48 hours after extubation among neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU) patients. Additional aims included comparison of a comprehensive oral care protocol (i.e., tongue scraping, electric toothbrush, non-foaming toothpaste, and application
In this paper, optimization problems arising in model predictive control (MPC) and in distributed MPC aresolved by applying a fast gradient method to the dual of the MPC optimization problem. Although the development of fast gradient methods has improved the convergence rate of gradient-based methods considerably, they are still sensitive to ill-conditioning of the problem data. Since similar opti
Popular Abstract in Swedish Att mäta och beskriva självantändning vid förblandad kompressionsantändning (HCCI) HCCI-förbränning går ut på att luft och bränsle blandas, och komprimeras i en kolvmotor tills blandningen självantänder. På grund av den snabba förbränningen med det här konceptet förloras mindre värmeenergi, och verkningsgraden blir därför högre än för vanliga bensin- och dieselmotorer. HCCI is an advanced combustion concept, using premixed fuel and air with a diluted charge. This is thermodynamically favorable, leading to high efficiency and therefore lower CO2 emissions. The well-premixed and diluted fuel charge gives lower cylinder temperatures than conventional diesel compression ignition and spark ignited gasoline combustion, resulting in low engine out emissions of both nit
30% of the DNA in E. coli bacteria is covered by proteins. Such a high degree of crowding affects the dynamics of generic biological processes (e.g. gene regulation, DNA repair, protein diffusion etc) in ways that are not yet fully understood. In this paper, we theoretically address the diffusion constant of a tracer particle in a one-dimensional system surrounded by impenetrable crowder particles
Aims. The detection and measurement of gravitational-waves from coalescing neutron-star binary systems is an important science goal for ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. In addition to emitting gravitational-waves at frequencies that span the most sensitive bands of the LIGO and Virgo detectors, these sources are also amongst the most likely to produce an electromagnetic counterpart to th
Two microfluidic systems have been developed for specific analysis of L-glutamate in food based on substrate recycling fluorescence detection. L-glutamate dehydrogenase and a novel enzyme, D-phenylglycine aminotransferase, were covalently immobilized on (i) the surface of silicon microchips containing 32 porous flow channels of 235 mu m depth and 25 mu m width and (ii) polystyrene Poros (TM) beads
We report on a setup for the investigation of proton acceleration in the regime of target normal sheath acceleration. The main interest here is to focus on stable laser beam parameters as well as a reliable target setup and diagnostics in order to do extensive and systematic studies on the acceleration mechanism. A motorized target alignment system in combination with large target mounts allows fo
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by a specific chromosome translocation, and its pathobiology is considered comparatively well understood. Thus, quantitative analysis of CML and its progression to blast crisis may help elucidate general mechanisms of carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Hitherto, it has been widely postulated that CML blast crisis originates mainly via cell-autono
We present a novel method for measuring interbilayer forces in lamellar liquid crystals of amphiphile-water systems. In a centrifuge the gravitational effect is easily strong enough to produce clearly observable concentration gradients. During the experiment the concentration profile in the test-tube is monitored using NMR imaging of the deuterium quadrupole splitting in the lamellar phase, by tem
Capsule Swedish breeding bird species that are predicted to experience a more suitable climate by 2050 are currently increasing in numbers. Aims To test, for a large set of breeding birds, if recent population trends mirror the changes in predicted climatic suitability across the Swedish distribution range, and to test if considering natal dispersal improves the fit of the predictive models. Metho
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ungefär 22 000 svenskar lever i dag med Parkinsons sjukdom som är en hjärnsjukdom där särskilda nervceller som normalt producerar signalsubstansen dopamin dör av okänd anledning. Dessa nervceller har en viktig funktion eftersom de möjliggör vår rörelseförmåga och brist på dopamin leder till rörelsenedsättning där patienten uppvisar symptomen långsamhet, skakningar, muskParkinson’s disease is a brain disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, resulting in the characteristic motor symptoms: resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia and postural instability. Symptomatic treatment is based on reconstituting the loss of dopamine in the brain, primarily by oral administration of its precursor L-DOPA. Although this drug is effective in the early y
The dimeric metabolic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI, EC 5.3.1.9) plays an essential role in energy production. In the grass Festuca ovina, field surveys of enzyme variation suggest that genetic variation at cytosolic PGI (PGIC) may be adaptively important. In the present study, we investigated the molecular basis of the potential adaptive significance of PGIC in F. ovina by analyzing cDNA s
