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The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis can be manipulated in animal models to promote longevity, and IGF-related proteins including IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) have also been implicated in risk of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Through genomewide association study of up to 30 884 adults of European ancestry from 21 studies, w

Intersectionality theory can contribute to epidemiology and public health by furthering understanding of power dynamics driving production of health disparities, and increasing knowledge about heterogeneities within, and overlap between, social categories. Drawing on McCall, we relate the first of these potential contributions to categorical intersectionality and the second to anti-categorical int

A short peripheral intravenous catheter or cannula (PIVC) is frequently used to deliver chemotherapy in oncology practice. Although safe and easy to insert, PIVCs do fail, leading to personal discomfort for patients and adding substantially to treatment costs. As the procedure of peripheral catheterization is invasive, there is a need for greater consistency in the choice, insertion and management

Införande av en klimatskatt på nötkött i Sveriges påverkan på förekomsten av kolorektalcancer Man har i flertalet studier påvisat att konsumtion av rött kött och processat kött (däribland nötkött) skulle kunna ha en negativ inverkan på människors hälsa. Framförallt visar studier på kopplingar mellan konsumtion av rött och processat och en ökad risk för kolorektalcancer. Vidare visar studier att pConsumption of red and processed meat has been found to effect human health and especially the occurrence of colorectal cancer. At the same time cattle farming and production of beef have been shown to severely effect the environment and particularly the climate. Taxation of beef could be an instrument to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions from the production of beef, but due to high transition

This thesis examines and compares spontaneous metaphor usage in conversations within and between generations. It investigates to what extent they can be seen as motivated by bodily, conventional and situated factors with the help of the Motivation and Sedimentation Model (MSM), which operates with these three levels of meaning. The model combines and integrates earlier accounts of metaphor motivat

On the first of July 2018, the new Swedish Administrative Procedure Act came into force. The Act introduces a new remedy against the inaction of administrative authorities (an action for failure to act, in Swedish “dröjsmålstalan”). Through the introduction of the new remedy, individuals are given a general right to appeal against the administrative authorities' inaction for the first time in

I föreliggande psykologexamensuppsats kombinerades kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder i syfte att explorativt undersöka innehållet i pedagogers samtalsgrupper samt för att utforska samtalsledarens roll. Studien utformades i samråd med utbildningsförvaltningen i den studerade kommunen. Åtta samtalsgrupper deltog i en observationsundersökning. Ett strukturerat observationsschema, IPA, användes förIn the presented Master’s Thesis qualitative and quantitative methods were combined in order to, with an explorative approach, examine the content of the Teacher Learning Communities (TLC) and to examine the role of the facilitator. The study was developed in agreement with the Department of Education in the participating municipality. Eight TLCs were observed. A structured observation chart, IPA,

Background: Several experimental studies have suggested potential anticarcinogenic effects of flavonoids, although epidemiologic evidence for the impact of dietary flavonoids on risk of gastric cancer (GC) is limited. Objective: We investigated the association between intake of dietary flavonoids and lignans and incident GC. Design: The study followed 477,312 subjects (29.8% men) aged 35-70 y from

A recent population-based, longitudinal study from Finland observed a dose-response association between smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and use of psychotropic medications in exposed children and young adults. However, this association may be confounded by unmeasured familial characteristics related to both SDP and offspring mental health. Consequently, we aim to investigate the effect of SDP by me

Purpose: Previous research on the influence of the food environment on weight status has often used impersonal measures food environment defined for residential neighborhoods, which ignore whether people actually use the food outlets near their residence. To assess whether supermarkets are relevant contexts for interventions, the present study explored between-residential neighborhood and between-

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance and their genetic determinants in colonizing group B streptococci (GBS) sampled in a Swedish nationwide survey was examined. In five GBS isolates (1.3%), kanamycin/amikacin resistance and the presence of the aphA-3 gene was identified. Three of these isolates carried the aad-6 gene and were streptomycin-resistant. Screening with kanamycin and streptomycin 1,

Reproductive events are associated with important physiologic changes, yet little is known about how reproductive factors influence long-term health in women. Our objective was to assess the relation of reproductive characteristics with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.

Background and purpose Treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in Sweden has shifted towards more arthroplasties, especially hemiarthroplasties. We describe the hemiarthroplasty population in Sweden 2005 through 2009. Methods Since 2005, the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register has registered hemiarthroplasties on a national basis. We assessed hemiarthroplasty procedures in the Register 2005-20

We reviewed all peer-reviewed papers analysing the cost-effectiveness of vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. In general, the procedures appear to be cost effective but are very dependent upon model input details. Better data, rather than new models, are needed to answer outstanding questions. Vertebral augmentation procedures (VAPs), including v

Background: Few studies have assessed the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as an entity in relation to breast cancer risk, and results have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between MetS factors (individually and combined) and risk of breast cancer incidence and mortality. Methods: Two hundred ninety thousand women from Austria, Norway, and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with

To investigate the role of factors that modulate the association between alcohol and mortality, and to provide estimates of absolute risk of death.