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Objective Psychosocial adversity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. The authors assessed associations of reactive hyperaemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT), a measure of endothelial function predictive of CVD, with self-assessed psychological health among school children. Methods A total of 248 healthy school children (mean (SD) age 14.0 (1.0); 136 girls and 112 b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Barn och ungdomar med hörselnedsättning har, i högre grad än jämnåriga kamrater utan hörselnedsättning, språkliga problem. Dessa problem märks när barnen gått några år i skolan och större krav ställs på deras läsförmåga och på deras förmåga att uttrycka sig i tal och skrift. Problemen kan yttra sig tidigt och på olika sätt, som svårigheter med att uttala och särskilja sThe aim of the present thesis was to explore reading comprehension and narration in children and adolescents with different degrees of hearing impairment (HI). In Study I, reading comprehension was investigated in 16 children with cochlear implants (CI), aged 7-13 years. Over 60% of the investigated children performed at the level of their hearing peers. Reading comprehension was better than expec
The present investigation examined motivation for parenting and some of its correlates in parents and children. The data came from samples of 151 first-time mothers of infants, 153 mothers of middle school children, and 260 mothers and fathers of high school children. Parents provided self-report data about their motivation in their parenting role as well as reports of role satisfaction, parental
Background: The first interim analysis of the phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational TITAN study demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) with apalutamide added to ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. The final analysis confirmed improvement i
In this study, we compared the GR51PP (hydrophobic/polysulfone) membrane with a series of hydrophilic (regenerated cellulose) membranes with the aim of increasing the retention of products and decreasing membrane fouling. The raw material used was a sodium-based spent sulfite liquor from the sulfite pulping process of spruce and pine. The results show that the hydrophilic membranes were superior t
In this paper, a penalty function is designed and used in the computation of multitapers which correspond to the Wigner and Choi-Williams distributions. The resulting multitaper spectrogram will approximately fulfill the concentration of the distribution but will additionally suppress the cross-terms outside a predetermined Doppler-lag bandwidth. The specific region as well as the amount of cross-
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Objectives: The objective was to explore if adverse events during radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer were associated with oncological outcomes. A further objective was to identify risk factors for adverse events. Methods: A post-hoc study nested in a prospective, controlled trial of radical prostatectomy by robot assisted laparoscopic or open retropubic approach in Sweden. Adverse events du
Popular Abstract in Swedish Andningsvägarna kan schematiskt uppdelas i en övre och nedre del där den övre består av näsa, bihålor, (mellanöra) och struphuvud och den nedre av luftstrupe, luftrör samt alveoler. Sjukdomar i andningsvägarna, såsom astma och olika allergiska tillstånd, är vanligt förekommande, men mekanismerna bakom deras uppkomst och utveckling är ofullständigt klarlagda. NeuropeptidThe investigations focus on the neuropeptidepituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide and its effects on airway regulation, with emphasis on smooth muscle relaxation and neutrophil activation and migration. In the nasal mucosa, PACAP-containing nerve fibers were localized invascular smooth muscle and close to seromucous glands. In the lung, PACAP-containing nerve fibers were found close to se
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic beta cell destruction involving auto-reactive T-cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of insulin. Monozygotic twin studies show a 20-60% concordance with T1D indicating there may be an environmental component to the disease. Glutathione (GSH) is the major endogenous antioxidant produced b
An association between severe infant bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and subsequent wheezing is well documented. High levels of urinary eosinophil protein X (U-EPX) have been related to active disease in asthmatic children. The aim of this study was to analyse whether RSV bronchiolitis leads to an increase in U-EPX levels and whether wheezing is more common in children with
Popular Abstract in Swedish Eftersom gamla träd har blivit mycket ovanligare de senaste 200 åren, både i skogslandskapet och på ängs- och hagmarker, har djur som lever i gamla träd blivit mycket sällsyntare och många arter är utrotningshotade. I gamla ekar bildas ofta mulm i stammarnas håligheter. Mulmen består av murket trämjöl och i den lever en rik och specialiserad fauna som framför allt utgörMany species associated with old trees are threatened, as this habitat has decreased severely in Europe during the last 200 years. In old oaks, hollows with wood mould often form in the trunks and these harbour a specialized fauna mainly consisting of beetles, flies and pseudoscorpions. This thesis contains the first quantitative examination of the habitat requirements and population ecology of sp
Two new antibiotic metabolites, dacrymenone (1) and VM 3298-2 (2), were isolated from fermentations of a Dacrymyces sp., and their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques. Dacrymenone (1) is a new eremophilane sesquiterpenoid while VM 3298-2 (2) is a bis-enol ether between methyl pyruvate and 4,6-dihydroxycyclohexan-1,3-dione. Dacrymenone (1) shows weak antibacterial and antifungal
The main contributions of this thesis are in the area of approximation and online algorithm design and derivation of lower bounds on the approximability for a number of combinatorial optimization problems with applications in computational biology and computational geometry. Approximation and online algorithms are fundamental tools used to deal with computationally hard problems and problems in wh
