The effect of the blend ratio of water-insoluble ethyl cellulose (EC) and water-soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC-LF), on the properties of sprayed films and on the drug release mechanism of formulations coated with the material was investigated. When the original HPC-LF content exceeded 22%, both the amount of HPC-LF leached out and the water permeability of the films increased drastically whe

The c-myc proto-oncogene was analyzed in 311 cases of primary breast cancer, in 8% of which it was found to be amplified, usually at moderately increased copy number (2-5 copies). The adjacent pvt gene was co-amplified with c-myc in all tumors analyzed. C-myc amplification was significantly correlated to a high S-phase fraction and to amplification of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene. Weak relationship

In addition to proton-pumping complex I, plant mitochondria contain several type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in the electron transport chain. The extra enzymes allow the nonenergy-conserving electron transfer from cytoplasmic and matrix NAD(P)H to ubiquinone. We have investigated the type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase gene families in Arabidopsis. This model plant contains two and four genes closely rela

Thermal treatment of [OS3(CO)(12)] with diphenyl(2-thienyl)phosphane, Ph(2)p(C4H3S), results in the formation of [Os-3(CO)(12-x){Ph2P(C4H3S)}(x)] (x = 1-3, 1-3), but no C-H bond activation was observed. Reaction of [H2Os3(CO)(10)] with diphenyl(2-thienyl)phosphane at ambient temperature affords [HOs3(mu-H)(CO)(10){Ph2P(C4H3S}] (4), but when the same reaction is repeated at elevated temperatures, t

OBJECTIVE: To develop a method enabling capillary density to be determined rapidly and accurately in patients with systemic sclerosis.METHOD: Capillary density was determined in 11 controls and 22 patients: 5 with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dSSc), 12 with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lSSc), two with suspected systemic sclerosis (suspSSc), 2 with sclerodermatomyositis, and one w

Simultaneous videoradiography and solid-state manometry (videomanometry) was applied in eight healthy volunteers (four women, four men; age range 25-64 years, mean age 41 years) without swallowing problems. Three different swallowing techniques were tested; supraglottic swallow, effortful swallow, and chin tuck. Seven videoradiographic variables and six manometric variables were analyzed. The supr

InAs has been grown on W-GaAs patterned substrates using MOVPE. The selectivity of the growth and the nucleation process has been studied as a function of the temperature and the V/III-ratio in the MOVPE reactor. It is shown that the W guides the nucleation of the InAs on the GaAs and that the islands formed may be used to embed metal features in a hybride InAs/GaAs structure in agreement with pre

Hybrid systems combining solid oxide fuel cells and gas turbines (SOFC/GT) have been extensively studied in recent years. They show very high theoretical electrical efficiencies and are considered as prime contenders for distributed generation. The addition of a CO2-capture system could make them even more attractive from an environmental perspective. In this study, a SOFC/GT configuration with an

Dysphagia is a common symptom in stroke patients, and malnutrition is prevalent among these patients. Thus far, nutritional effects of dysphagic treatment have not been evaluated. The aim of the present report was to study the effects of swallowing techniques on nutritional and anthropometric variables. A survey with follow-up was performed at the Departments of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, M

The prognosis of depression in elderly people is reported as poor, with high mortality and high rate of non-recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome after 6 years in a broader perspective. In addition to the risk of dying, we also estimated the risk of moving to long-term care, and having a depression in a re-screening event after 6 years. In 1993, a screening event for depre

The CLEAR supports were originally developed for solid-phase synthesis. In this study, two wide-pore versions of the resins were prepared by radical suspension polymerization using toluene as the porogen. Trimethylolpropane ethoxylate (14/3 EO/OH) triacrylate was used as the cross-linking agent. Resins of two different porosities were synthesized. The permeability to biological macromolecules was

The rheological properties of gels of hydrophobically modified potato starch (HMPot) and high amylopectin potato starch (HAPP) were studied by small deformation oscillatory rheometry. The hydrophobic modification consisted of octenyl succinate anhydride (OSA) chains grafted mainly on the amylopectin molecules. The theological behaviour of HMPot was different from the behaviour of native potato sta

Hemicelluloses, which are abundant in nature and have potential use in a wide variety of applications, may make an important contribution in helping relieve society of its dependence on petrochemicals. However, cost-efficient methods for the isolation of hemicelluloses are required. This article presents an economic evaluation of a full-scale process to isolate hemicelluloses from process water fr

The Central Scandinavian Dolerite Group (CSDG) occurs in five separate complexes in central Sweden and SW Finland. U-Pb baddeleyite ages of dolerite dikes and sills fall into three age intervals: 1264-1271 (the Dalarna complex), 1256-1259 (the Vdsterbotten-Ulvo-Satakunta complexes) and similar to 1247 Ma (the Jamtland complex). Timing and spatial distribution of CSDG are unlike expressions of the

This study investigated the competitive adsorption between milk proteins and model milk membrane lipids at the oil-water interface and its dependence on the state of the lipid dispersion and the formation of emulsions. Both protein and membrane lipid surface load were determined using a serum depletion technique. The membrane lipid mixture used was a model milk membrane lipid system, containing di

A study of optical and transport properties of semiconductor quantum well structures subjected to nanoimprint lithography (NIL), with its pressure and temperature cycles, has been undertaken to ascertain if this lithography technique induces detrimental changes in these properties of the active layers over a range of pressures and temperatures, typically used in this printing process. Ga0.47In0.53

New and improved preparative routes to the previously known PCP ligands cis-1,3-bis(di-isopropylphosphinito)cyclohexane and cis-1,3-bis[(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl]cyclohexane are reported. They react with 1 equivalent of dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II) [(COD)PtCl2] to give the cis coordinated complex cis-[PtCl2{cis-1,3-bis(di-isopropylphosphinito)}cyclohexane] and the Csp3-H activated

The effect of a study day on the subject of pain for nurses working at the thorax surgery department The aims of this investigation were: to describe patients' evaluation of pain and the treatment of pain after thorax surgery via sternotomy; to repeat the evaluation with another group of patients following a study day for nurses, featuring pain and pain treatment; and to examine whether the study

The detailed influence of ferrocene in a low-pressure, fuel-rich, laminar, premixed propene/oxygen/ argon flat flame was investigated experimentally using molecular beam sampling mass spectrometry (MBMS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), and compared to numerical simulations. MBMS was applied to analyze the species profiles of important intermediates in the flames with and without ferrocene dopin