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Nanoplastics are increasingly being recognized as a global pollutant. However, relatively few studies report directly measured concentrations of nano- and microplastics in environmental samples, although available data suggest levels of up to 0.5 mg L−1 in lake water, which is surprisingly high. Their degradation in the environment, particularly under UV irradiation, is still poorly understood. He
We must recognize that plastics likely constitute a pervasive background in many environments. Beyond their previously documented risks to ecosystems and human health, plastics may also exert unintended influences on laboratory experiments, potentially distorting experimental outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that ultrasound treatment of commonly used laboratory test tubes releases nanoplastics into
This book proposes the study of norms as a method of explaining human choice and behaviour by introducing a new scientific perspective.The science of norms may here be broadly understood as a social science which includes elements from both the behavioural and legal sciences. It is given that a science of norms is not normative in the sense of prescribing what is right or wrong in various situatio
The study was a non-randomized controlled phase I-II trial to study were to ascertain the safety, feasibility and efficacy of immunotherapy with autologous IFN-γ transfected tumour cells in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Autologous tumour cells harvested during surgery were cultured and transduced with the human IFN-γ gene. Irradiated cells were administered as intradermal immunizations ev
Our societies are ageing, and an urban-regional perspective on these developments is urgently needed. This figure shows an uneven geography of population ageing in Sweden—in the level and pace of ageing—and calls for variegated societal adaptations across municipalities.
In this thesis, a high-repetition-rate attosecond light source based on high-order harmonic generation in gases was used to perform time-resolved electron spectroscopy in atoms and solids. The source was driven by few-cycle near-infrared laser pulses with a controllable carrier-to-envelope phase, enabling the generation of sequences of two to four attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range
Carbon moves through the atmosphere, through the oceans, onto land, and into ecosystems. This cycling has a large effect on climate – changing geographic patterns of rainfall and the frequency of extreme weather – and is altered as the use of fossil fuels adds carbon to the cycle. The dynamics of this global carbon cycling are largely predicted over broad spatial scales and long periods of time by
This open access book examines the formation and sustainability of private credit networks in past societies, gathering a global range of case studies from Europe and the Americas. The book represents a fi rst attempt to coordinate the work of different scholars working on credit networks and aims to explore the possibilities offered by social network analysis for the study of past fi nancial mark
Natural products are emerging as valuable tools in insect pest management, particularly as synergists that enhance insecticidal activity while potentially reducing chemical usage and mitigating resistance. This chapter explores the role of natural products in boosting the efficacy of both synthetic and botanical insecticides. First, the chapter focuses on the current regulatory status of synergist
Attosecond pulses produced by high-order harmonic generation in gases driven by intense laser fields have become a cornerstone technique for probing ultrafast electronic motion in matter. These applications require a good knowledge of the temporal and spectral properties of the emitted radiation. In this work, we generate a train of two to three attosecond pulses that we characterize using two-col
People's willingness to include others and their level of suspicion of those perceived to not belong are constrained by political affiliation and adherence to ideologies such as neoliberalism, Islamophobia, and ethnocentrism. In an era of heightened polarizing discourse about immigrants, the interaction between changing information and constraints can be leveraged to understand how dynamic narrati
Many preterm infants are exposed to multiple transfusion types during their admission in the neonatal intensive care unit. Yet, evidence supporting current practice consists of several randomized controlled trials and observational studies focusing on a single transfusion product at the time. Rather than approaching transfusions as three distinct categories as currently done in the literature, the
Objective: To describe the normal heart rate (HR) of healthy newborns ≥35+0 weeks’ gestation in the first 10 min after caesarean delivery (CD) with extrauterine placental transfusion, using dry-electrode ECG (NeoBeat). Design: Single-centre, prospective observational study. Setting: Norwegian County Hospital. Patients: Newborns ≥35+0 weeks’ gestation delivered by CD under regional anaesthesia were
This article presents a new way of obtaining deep explanations of environmental problems. We expose the production strategies, corporate strategies and state actions that have been taken by firms and state agencies to facilitate the geographical expansion of the wood-based commodity frontier at the expense of reindeer pastoralists among the Indigenous Sámi people. Through qualitative analysis of a
Circular economy (CE) policy has largely developed around product markets, where ecodesign, repairability requirements, and extended producer responsibility now form a substantial regulatory layer. In regulated energy infrastructure, where replacement decisions are shaped by depreciation schedules, regulatory review cycles, and procurement rules, these tools have made limited progress. This perspe
Ventricular function is vital in patients with single ventricles but repeated surgeries and changes in ventricular volume load may change the relation between longitudinal and radial function. To expand the knowledge of cardiac mechanics in this population, the aim of this study was to assess longitudinal and radial contribution to stroke volume using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in pa
