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Background: The Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase is one of the 15 enzymes required for biosynthesis of chlorophyll in plants. The Ycf54 protein is a component associated with this enzyme and probably functions as a chaperone. Due to the lack of mutants in the Ycf54 gene, we targeted this gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by RNA-guided Cas9 genome editing to dissect its role in chlor
Unique molecular identifiers (UMI) can be used in forensic STR sequencing to reduce the level of analytical artifacts. Here, we perform an interlaboratory study across five independent sites where the previously developed UMI-based SiMSen-Seq STR assay is applied at each laboratory to both single-source and mixed samples. The assay showed consistent results between laboratories and more than 90% o
This article examines how three women from the Hebrew Bible (Jezebel, Delilah, and Eve) are framed in material that relates to Christian anti-feminist and manosphere discourse: a sermon published online by US pastor Mark Driscoll, two videos on the YouTube channels God for Purpose and Manosphere Highlights Daily, and Canadian psychologist Jordan B. Peterson’s book We Who Wrestle with God: Percepti
Hybrid coastal protection systems combine hard and soft design elements and are increasingly utilized to address coastal erosion and flood risks. However, limited data are available on the performance of hybrid structures under extreme storm conditions, and the interactions at the transition between hard and soft elements are not well understood. This study investigates the performance of a hybrid
We investigate proton sharing in biologically relevant polycarboxylic acids in aqueous solutions using liquid-jet X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In contrast to techniques that record time-averaged proton positions, like nuclear magnetic resonance, photoelectron spectroscopy captures instantaneous proton distribution due to its ultrafast probing time scale. The method is, therefore, uniquely sen
Spiral galaxies, like the Milky Way, transform at some point in time into a rotationally supported system. Using an extant dataset consisting of 319,835 subgiants from LAMOST with precise ages from the literature, we determine, for the first time, the age when the Milky Way disk spins up, i.e., when the mean circular velocity changes from halo-like to disk-like. We find in concordance previous stu
Ecdysozoa (molting animals) represent one of the most diverse and ecologically successful animal groups in both extant and fossil ecosystems. This study presents new microfossil cuticular evidence from the lower Cambrian (∼535 Ma) Yanjiahe Formation (southern China) for ecdysozoan diversity during the Fortunian Stage. Six forms are recognized mainly based on their ornamented cuticular patterns, as
Fractures pose a significant burden on society, making prevention strategies important. One approach is to increase physical activity (PA), which may enhance bone mass and muscle strength, thereby lowering fracture risk. A total of 3476 children who began 1st grade (mean age 7 years) between 1998 and 2012 in four Swedish schools were included. The intervention group was 1328 children from one scho
The 15-minute city concept has gained prominence in urban planning as a framework linking proximity, mobility, and quality of life at the intra-urban scale. An open question is whether this concept remains meaningful when applied to spatially connected urban regions or national urban systems. To address this issue, the new X-minute city concept allows proximity thresholds to vary with spatial cont
Botanikdagarna har organiserats av Svenska Botaniska Föreningen (SBF) sedan 1979 och är ett tillfälle för botanister i hela landet att mötas och få se arter speciella för ett visst landskap. Förra året hölls de i Blekinge och deltagarna kunde få ta del av miljöer och arter från större delen, eftersom det är ett så litet landskap. Eftersom det är ett ganska dyrt evenemang och antalet deltagare har
β-Ga2O3 is a promising ultrawide-bandgap semiconductor for high-power and optoelectronic applications; yet, its intrinsically low thermal conductivity poses challenges for heat dissipation. To clarify how strain and size effects govern phonon transport, we investigate bulk β-Ga2O3 under biaxial tensile strain and finite-size confinement using first-principles calculations and the phonon Boltzmann
The once abundant European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is currently classified as a Critically Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Although both the European Union (through the 2007 Eel Regulation) and its member states have implemented various conservation actions, many uncertainties remain regarding the actual and anticipated effectiveness of these measures. Thi
Introduction: Adnexal surgery is one of the most common surgeries performed in women. Minimally invasive methods are on the rise globally as they have been shown to decrease surgical morbidity compared with abdominal surgery. Adnexal surgery by vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is the latest innovation. It combines the vaginal approach and endoscopy via the vagina. L
The theory of water hammer is well developed and can support quantitative assessment in engineering studies. However, in the Swedish water and wastewater sector, water hammer analysis is often overlooked during the design of pressurized pipe networks. Apart from a study from the 1980s, the status of knowledge on water hammer has, to the authors' knowledge, been mapped neither in Sweden nor interna
Boreal forests mitigate climate change by sequestering atmospheric carbon. Recent declines in the boreal carbon sink and tree growth suggest that this mitigating influence is weakening, yet the underlying drivers remain unresolved. Increasing drought frequency is one likely driver. Yet most studies have focused on managed forests, overlooking the significant but shrinking areas of old-growth fores
West Nile virus (WNV) is a growing risk to public and veterinary health in Europe, with intensifying outbreaks over recent decades coinciding with a rapidly warming climate. Thermal biology models parameterized through laboratory experiments on the mosquito vectors and the pathogen play a central role in our causal understanding of the effects of temperature on WNV transmission. We evaluated the a
Introduction – Determining the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is essential for targeted treatment and optimal care. Reliable results require selection of the appropriate sampling site. Methods – Paired nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs were collected from 484 patients with CAP between September 2016 and September 2018. The samples were analyzed by PCRs for Streptococ
