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This book provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary examination of courtroom ethnography. This collection gathers international researchers from a multitude of disciplines to explore three central themes: doing courtroom ethnography, ethnographic studies of the courtroom, and contemporary and critical aspects of courtroom ethnography. It highlights the nuances, negotiations, and issues that e
Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an established treatment option for early breast cancer, potentially downstaging the tumor and increasing the eligibility for breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The primary aim of this study was to assess the rate of BCS after NAC, and the secondary aim was to identify predictors of application of BCS after NAC. Materials and methods: This was an obser
Robust skin lesion segmentation of dermoscopic images is still very difficult. Recent methods often take the combinations of CNN and Transformer for feature abstraction and multi-scale features for further classification. Both types of combination in general rely on some forms of feature fusion. This paper considers these fusions from two novel points of view. For abstraction, Transformer is viewe
Hematopoiesis is regulated by the bone marrow (BM) stroma. However, cellular identities and functions of the different BM stromal elements in humans remain poorly defined. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we systematically characterized the human non-hematopoietic BM stromal compartment and we investigated stromal cell regulation principles based on the RNA velocity analysis using s
The wear behavior of TiAlN coatings during turning of stainless steel 316L at low cutting speeds (60–120 m/min) was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. In this speed range, the coatings fail by fracture due to an adhesive wear mechanism. The fracture of the coating is described in detail, including the strong influence of Al-content and cutting speed on the rate of wear. Low Al-conten
Spatial orientation is a prerequisite for most behaviors. In insects, the underlying neural computations take place in the central complex (CX), the brain’s navigational center. In this region different streams of sensory information converge to enable context-dependent navigational decisions. Accordingly, a variety of CX input neurons deliver information about different navigation-relevant cues.
Background: Pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis (PMT) has emerged as a treatment option in patients with acute lower limb ischemia (ALI), especially Rutherford IIb (motor deficit) for rapid revascularization, but supportive data is scarce. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of thrombolysis, complications, and outcomes of PMT first versus catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) first
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a complex clinical and pathophysiological autoimmune disorder and in the past decade, thousands of papers have been published on this topic. To shed light on the global scientific output, Ou et al. performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the ITP literature to clarify the major hotspots and future research directions. Commentary on: Ou et al. A bibliometr
Background: The two dialkylthiocarbamyl benzothiazole sulphides, dimethyl-thiocarbamylbenzothiazole sulphide (DMTBS) and diethylthio-carbamylbenzothiazole sulphide (DETBS) were shown to be good markers of both thiuram and mercaptobenzothiazole sensitivity. Objectives: To investigate if DMTBS and/or DETBS could be better markers of contact allergy to common rubber additives than the ones currently
Meat analogues are products that are supposed to resemble meat in terms of texture, flavour, and also sensory characteristics. They have recently become increasingly popular due to numerous issues related to health, religion, environmental impact and the growing number of vegetarians and vegans. Due to this reason, many plant-based protein materials, including grains, legumes, microalgae, and mush
Background: Airway hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma across asthma phenotypes. Airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol specifically relates to mast cell infiltration of the airways, suggesting inhaled corticosteroids to be effective in reducing the response to mannitol, despite low levels of type 2 inflammation. Objective: We sought to investigate the relationship between airway hyperresp
Background: Research on eldercare has been dominated by a provider-oriented perspective, concerned with the conditions and views of care providers. There are striking differences compared with the field of disability studies, where help is framed as part of a larger project of having a daily life and being included in society. Pilot interviews indicate that older people develop active strategies t
Introduction: The striped ambrosia beetle Trypodendron lineatum (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is a major forest pest in the Holarctic region. It uses an aggregation pheromone and host and non-host volatiles to locate suitable host trees, primarily stressed or dying conifer trees. The beetles bore into the xylem and inoculate spores of their obligate fungal mutualist Phialophoropsis ferru
Compression of paperboard is a common procedure during industrial package forming and better knowledge of the material response is needed to avoid defective packages and waste. To go beyond current modelling approaches, experimental identification of mechanisms underlying the macroscopic stress–strain responses is needed. In this study, in-situ uniaxial compression of paperboard is studied through
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease caused by disruption of joint homeostasis by a variety of systemic and biomechanical factors. The disease is characterized by degradation of cartilage and other joint tissues, and low-grade inflammation which may result in pain, reduced function, and disability. The disease appears to have ancient origins, with findings of OA recognized in fossilized
Context: The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines panel on upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has updated the guidelines to aid clinicians in evidence-based management of UTUC. Objective: To provide an overview of the EAU guidelines on UTUC as an aid to clinicians. Evidence acquisition: The recommendations provided in these guidelines are based on a review of the literatur
We consider a multiqubit system of atoms or ions with two computational ground states and an interacting excited state in the so-called blockade regime, such that only one qubit can be excited at any one time. Examples of such systems are rare-earth-ion-doped crystals and neutral atoms trapped in tweezer arrays. We present a simple laser excitation protocol that yields a complex phase factor on an
Hexagonal YMnO3 is a prototype antiferromagnet which exhibits multiferroic behavior with the ferroelectric and magnetic transitions occurring at different temperatures. We observe an out-of-plane canting of the Mn3+ magnetic moments using resonant x-ray diffraction (RXD) in a single crystal of this material. These canted moments result in the symmetry-forbidden (0,0,1) magnetic Bragg reflection, w
