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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av en inledning och 4 artiklar. Den första artikeln, Young people and alcohol: an econometric analysis, analyser bestämningsfaktorerna för ungdomars konsumtion av alkohol ur ett hälsoekonomiskt perspektiv. Huvudresultatet i artikeln är att ungdomar som har föräldrar som är villiga att tillhandahålla alkohol till dem är mer benägna att dricka alkohol,This thesis consists of four essays on risky health behaviour among adolescents. In the first paper, Young people and alcohol: an econometric analysis, the purpose was to analyse the determinants of adolescent drinking behaviour within an economic-theoretical framework. The results showed that having parents willing to supply alcohol increased the frequency of beer-, wine-, and spirits-consumption

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Utilisation of 'omics' technologies, in particular gene expression profiling, has increased dramatically in recent years. In basic research, high-throughput profiling applications are increasingly used and may now even be considered standard research tools. In the clinic, there is a need for better and more accurate diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response indicators. As such, clinicians have l

In the current thesis, the neurogenic and angiogenic response to electroconvulsive seizure (ECS)-treatment was investigated in the adult rat brain. ECS-treatment is an animal model for the antidepressant treatment electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is considered to be the most effective antidepressant treatment modality today, however with not yet fully understood modes of action. Depression,

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A new experimental technique to measure stopping forces for swift heavy ions was tested and has been found effective. A commercial PIN photodiode was coated with a patterned stopping medium of gold. This allowed the simultaneous detection of stopped- and reference-ions of C-14 and N-14 in the energy range E = 6.4-10.4 MeV. The stopping forces of these ions in gold have been measured with excellent

Results from a Monte Carlo investigation are presented for the application of the dual photopeak window (DPW) scatter correction method to phantom geometries of varying shapes, sizes, and densities as well as to several collimators. A Monte Carlo program was used to simulate a Tc-99m point source at locations of 0.5 cm from the phantom surface, at the center, 0.5 cm from the bottom, and 4/5 the di

High-resolution physical, mineralogical, sedimentological and micropalaeontological studies were carried out on North Atlantic cores from the Reykjanes Ridge at 59degreesN and from the region southwest of the Faeroe Islands. All core sites are situated along the pathway of Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW) and the various parameters measured display similar features. Previously identified car

A mathematical model is presented for calculating heat release rate in the Room Corner Test, where lining materials are mounted on both walls and ceiling. The model is based on a thermal theory for concurrent flow flame spread. By using a simple mathematical representation of the heat release rate from the Cone Calorimeter, analytical solutions are arrived at for the velocity and position of the p

How is the conflict between a protection of accrued pension rights and economic, political and social interests in reforming the pension scheme resolved in different countries and regarding different kinds of pension schemes? What legal or political mechanisms exist to protect accrued pension rights and to resolve this conflict? This thesis takes a comprehensive view on the pension situation of t

A high order accurate and fast algorithm is constructed for 2D stress problems on multiply connected finite domains. The algorithm is based on a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with non-singular operators. The unknown quantity is the limit of an analytic function. On polygonal domains there is a trade-off between stability and rate of convergence. A moderate amount of precomputation

The generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation has the property that solutions with initial data that are analytic in a strip in the complex plane continue to be analytic in a strip as time progresses. Established here are algebraic lower bounds on the possible rate of decrease in time of the uniform radius of spatial analyticity for these equations. Previously known results featured exponentially dec

Organo-mineral interactions have been hypothesized to play a major role in biogeochemical cycling and pedogenesis in some forest soils. These processes are likely to be controlled to some extent by their persistence in soil, however, the factors regulating their bioavailability remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the microbial utilization of C-14-labeled citrate in glass bead fill

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Abnormal endogenous fibrinolytic activity may be a risk factor for stroke. Since the possible variation of tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen concentrations over time after stroke has been rarely studied, it was examined in plasma from stroke patients in the acute and convalescent phases of the disease and i

Event-related brain potentials of 10 full-term newborns in response to duration changes in complex, harmonic tones known to elicit prominent mismatch negativity (MMN) response in adults were investigated. Here we report that duration changes elicited prominent MMN responses in a 11 newborns tested. In contrast, MMN has been reported in as little as 50% of the infants in some previous studies using

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is today a common method for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Assessment of the results has been based mainly upon subjective evaluation, and only a few reports present objective measurements, In the present study, the 133-xenon washout technique was used for preoperative and postoperative evaluation of paranasal sinus ventilation in 12 patients selected for