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We consider all two times iterated Ito integrals obtained by pairing m independent standard Brownian motions. First we calculate the conditional joint characteristic function of these integrals, given the Brownian increments over the integration interval, and show that it has a form entirely similar to what is obtained in the univariate case. Then we propose an algorithm for the simultaneous simul

Rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) has since the beginning of the 1980s been developed as a non-intrusive tool for temperature measurements in combustion. Since the introduction of the dual-broadband concept in 1986, the quality of the technique has been much improved, and application to practical combustion situations facilitated. Since the first demonstration of its use in

Hur naturgas bildas är ännu ej definitivt klarlagt. Den etablerade och allmänt accepterade uppfattningen är att de största gasfyndigheterna bildades under samma tidsperiod och på ungefär samma sätt som oljan – d.v.s. genom förkolning av djur- och växtorganismer för 300-400 miljoner år sedan. Det finns dock naturgas som inte är äldre än 100-150 miljoner år, t.ex. den danska Nordsjögasen. Under sena

Glass with low-a coatings based on SnO2 (usually referred to as hard coatings) provides a cost-effective replacement of one of the panes in ordinary double-pane windows. It considerably improves the energy efficiency of the window and at the same time preserves the appearance of,old hand-crafted windows. Adding a low refractive index anti-reflective (AR) coating on both sides of the low-a coated p

Software inspections are an efficient method to detect faults in software artefacts. In order to estimate the fault content remaining after inspections, a method called capture-recapture has been introduced. Most research published in fault content estimations for software inspections has focused upon point estimations. However, confidence intervals provide more information of the estimation resul

The hummingbird hawkmoth, Macroglossum stellatarum, learns colour fast and reliably. It has earlier been shown to spontaneously feed from odourless artificial flowers. Now, we have studied odour learning. The moths were trained to discriminate feeders of the same colour but marked with different odours. They did not learn to discriminate two natural flower odours when they were presented with the

Breeding activities and molt are generally thought to be mutually exclusive in birds since both are energetically costly and are normally separated in time. However, sometimes molt overlaps with breeding to some degree. A trade-off between adult somatic maintenance functions (feather renewal) and parental care is then to be expected. The consequences of this are largely unknown, and there are few

Popular Abstract in Swedish "Dom säjer de - do - dopey Swedes - but I tell you that - dom e inte så dopia" Avhandlingen beskriver språket som talas av den sista generationen svenska utvandrare till Nordamerika. Inflytandet från engelskan gör sig gällande på olika sätt, t.ex. som codeswitching, där ord eller fraser från engelskan används oförändrade ("dopey Swedes", "but I tell you that"), eller This thesis concerns two languages in contact: English and Swedish. It is based on interviews with Swedes who came to North America with the last major wave of emigration. The bilingual phenomena that appear in their speech, ranging from codeswitching to morphological, structural and semantic transfer, are considered as forming a continuum of language alternation. The study explores the opposing

IKAROS is an infrastructure that will allow large-scale cognitive systems to be built by assimilating and combining results, methods and models from different research groups.

Small leucine-rich proteoglycans play important roles in the organization of the extracellular matrix as well as for the regulation of cell behavior; two biological processes that are essential for angiogenesis. We investigated consequences of the targeted ablation of decorin (DCN), biglycan (BGN) and fibromodulin (FMOD) genes on inflammation-induced angiogenesis in the cornea. In wildtype mice, D

Absence or reduced activity of coagulation factor IX (FIX) causes the severe bleeding disorder haemophilia B. FIX contains a Gla module, two epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) modules, and a serine protease region. I characterized a monoclonal antibody and found that it recognizes an epitope around residues 72 and 80 in the C-terminal part of EGF1 in human FIX. The antibody exhibited 10-fold great

New basis sets of the atomic natural orbital (ANO) type have been developed for the atoms Li-Fr and Be-Ra. The ANOs have been obtained from the average density matrix of the ground states and the lowest excited states of the atom, the positive ion, and the dimer at its equilibirium geometry. Scalar realtivisitc effects are included through the use of a Douglas-Kroll Hamiltonian. Multiconfiguration

We studied narrow (submicron) constrictions in the layers of ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga, Mn)As. We have demonstrated a contribution of the quantum localization effects to the magnetoresistance of the constricted samples. We have also found a negative contribution of a domain wall trapped in the constriction to the resistance, due presumably to the erasing of the localization effects by the do

Second-generation bioethanol produced from various lignocellulosic materials, such as wood, agricultural or forest residues, has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or a complement to, gasoline. One of the crucial steps in the ethanol production is the hydrolysis of the hemicellulose and cellulose to monomer sugars. The most promising method for hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose is by

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that a newborn infant's cry can be used in conjunction with an instrument to measure pain. Crying due to pain was analysed after a heel-prick stimulus. In a prospective, descriptive study, 50 healthy newborn infants were subjected to a heel-prick for phenylketonuria screening. Their cries of pain were recorded and analysed. Duration of the crying sou

Relations between locus of control, coping strategies and emotional well-being in persons with traumatically acquired spinal cord lesion (SCL) were examined. The sample included 132 community-residing adults. Structural equation modelling, including confirmatory factor analysis, was used. A model was hypothesized based on the transactional theory of stress and coping where coping strategies mediat