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The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzed synthesis and hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) was studied in a water activity controlled organic medium. The aim of the study was to find the conditions most favorable for the synthetic reaction. To do this, the impact of various parameters such as water activity, substrate concentration and temperature on enzyme activity and equilibrium yield was deter

Different electron mediators were evaluated for the electromicrobial reduction of chloropyruvate to chlorolactate. The reaction was catalyzed by a mediatol-dependent D-lactate dehydrogenase in whole cells of Proteus vulgaris and yielded D-(S)-chlorolactate with high optical purity (> 97% e.e.). The ideal mediatol should favor a high rate in the enzymatic reaction and a low rate in the nonenzymatic

Diol fatty acid esters find a variety of industrial applications. The use of lipases in microaqueous environment provides an attractive route for synthesis of fatty acyl esters of ethylene glycol. The effect of various process parameters that play key roles in delineating reaction kinetics and distribution of mono- and diesters in the product have been studied.

Immobilized α-chymotrypsin was used as catalyst for studying temperature effects on acyl transfer reactions (acyl-donor: Bz-TyrOEt) in a water-immiscible organic solvent. The solubility of the two nucleophiles, Phe-NH2 and water, decreased with decreasing temperature. The relative decrease for the amide was larger (2.4-fold) than for water. Therefore the thermodynamic activity (estimated by the re

An approach was developed for the isolation and characterization of soybean plasma membrane-associated proteins by immunoscreening of a cDNA expression library. An antiserum was raised against purified plasma membrane vesicles. In a differential screening of approximately 500,000 plaque-forming units with the anti-(plasma membrane) serum and DNA probes derived from highly abundant clones isolated

Den här boken tar ett omfattande grepp om frågor som rör homo, bi, trans, queer och en rad andra identitetskategorier som alla relaterar till sexualitet, relationsbildning, kön och könsuttryck i boken samlade under akronymen hbtq+. Trots en positiv utveckling i samhället leder minoritetsstress fortfarande till ökad ohälsa hos hbtq+-personer, och kunskapsluckorna är stora inom samhälls- och vårdins

The l,3‐ß‐glucan synthase (callose synthase, EC 2.4.1.34) was solubilized from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) plasma membranes with digitonin, and partially purified by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration [fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC)] using 3‐[(cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]‐1‐propane‐sulfonate (CHAPS) in the elution buffers. These initial steps were necessary to obt

In plants, cells differentiate according to their position with relation to their cell neighbours. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) probes to polysaccharide epitopes, present at the surfaces of all plant cells, have defined a family of proteoglycan antigens which signify cellular position. These MAbs have been used to sort the single cells present in carrot somatic cell cultures on the basis of the prese

Plasma membrane vesicles of high purity were isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves by aqueous polymer 2-phase partition and analyzed with respect to their protein organization. This was done by Triton X-114 fractionation which separates integral, hydrophobic, membrane-spanning proteins from peripheral, hydrophilic membrane proteins. About 80% of the proteins were recovered in the hydrop

A method for resolving plasma membrane associated arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) has been developed. Plasma membranes purified by aqueous polymer two‐phase partitioning were first subjected to Triton X‐114 fractionation. The resulting water phase contained all detectable plasma membrane‐bound AGPs. Plasma membrane AGPs were then resolved in an SDS‐agarose gel electrophoresis system (SDS‐AGE). For

To assess the role of human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) in the digestion of polyunsaturated ester bonds of triacylglycerols, hydrolysis of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3)) ester bonds was compared to that of oleic acid (18:1(n-9)) or arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6)) esters. As model substrates, we used rat chylomicrons obtained after feeding human milk fat globules and radiolabeled fatty aTo assess the role of human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) in the digestion of polyunsaturated ester bonds of triacylglycerols, hydrolysis of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n − 3)) ester bonds was compared to that of oleic acid (18:1(n − 9)) or arachidonic acid (20:4(n − 6)) esters. As model substrates, we used rat chylomicrons obtained after feeding human milk fat globules and radiolabeled f