In all manufacturing processes, it is important to determine the costs and their distribution between different sequential processing steps. A cost equation based directly on the losses during manufacturing, such as rejection rate, stops and waste of workpiece materials, also provides a valuable aid in giving priority to various development activities and investments. The present work concerns how

Pincer complexes attract considerable attention both as interesting objects for fundamental studies and efficient catalysts. This review describes a relatively new offshoot of the field - namely, the chemistry of iridium complexes with aliphatic PCsp3P non-innocent pincer ligands. High flexibility, often combined with possibility to activate internal C-H bonds, offers several new patterns of metal

This work focuses on the oxidation of tungsten in inert gas atmospheres containing oxygen and moisture. It is particularly relevant for the European Spallation Source where the tungsten target is cooled by purified helium gas and the 5 MW proton beam can raise the maximum target temperature beyond the threshold for oxidation. Tungsten discs were oxidized isothermally at 400° to 900 °C for 2 h in p

The gut microbiomes of birds and other animals are increasingly being studied in ecological and evolutionary contexts. Numerous studies on birds and reptiles have made inferences about gut microbiota using cloacal sampling; however, it is not known whether the bacterial community of the cloaca provides an accurate representation of the gut microbiome. We examined the accuracy with which cloacal sw

The aim of the current study is to establish conversion coefficients (CCs) from dose-area product to effective dose for barium meal (BM) fluoroscopic examinations. The study is based on data collected at a major University hospital in St-Petersburg, Russia. The structure of the BM examinations was evaluated and a computational model for effective dose estimation, using PCXMC 2.0 software, was deve

A dose survey of positron emission tomography (PET) examinations was performed in 12 regions of the Russian Federation, where the effective dose values were assessed for the various types of PET examinations. The comparison to similar published data show that the patient doses in Russia are higher than in other countries. Low-dose CT protocols and justification of multiphase CT protocols should be

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) exacerbates the risk of death due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Modifications to blood lipid metabolism which manifest as increases in circulating triglycerides and reductions in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are thought to contribute to increased risk. In CKD patients, higher HDL cholesterol levels were not associated with reduced mortality

The ability to apply highly controlled electric fields within microfluidic devices is valuable as a basis for preparative and analytical processes. A challenge encountered in the context of such approaches in conductive media, including aqueous buffers, is the generation of electrolysis products at the electrode/liquid interface which can lead to contamination, perturb fluid flows and generally in

Silurian echinoderms from Ireland are poorly known; hitherto, only three nominal species have been described, all crinoids and all from the Telychian (Upper Llandovery, Lower Silurian) Kilbride Formation in County Galway. A new species from this formation, Crepidosoma doylei, is the first recorded Irish Silurian ophiuroid (brittle star). The new species is described from five articulated specimens

This chapter deals with the Swedish tv-series Somewhere in Sweden, broadcast on public television (SVT) in 1973 and 1974 and seen by more than 60 percent of the Swedish population. It has since its initial screening, been broadcast on several occasions, always reaching large audiences. Here, an analysis is presented in which it is emphasised that the series expressed a common view of the World War

That Florida is in the midst of an ecological crisis is a perspective increasingly shared by academy, government, private industry and civil society. Ideas about the causes of the state’s environmental problems and how best to address them, however, are not so well aligned. While some are prone to emphasize the primacy of economic growth over environmental conservation, others argue that, like lov

Planar deformation features (PDFs) in quartz are the most widely used indicator of shock metamorphism in terrestrial rocks. They can also be used for estimating average shock pressures that quartz-bearing rocks have been subjected to. Here we report on a number of observations and problems that we have encountered when performing universal stage measurements and crystallographically indexing of PD