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N-Lauroyl-N-methylglucamide is a biodegradable surfactant derived from renewable resources. In an earlier study, we presented an enzymatic solvent-free method for synthesis of this compound. In the present report, the HPLC method developed to follow the reaction between lauric acid/methyl laurate and N-methyl glucamine (MEG) and its environmental assessment are described.
This study investigated cognitive performance in patients with burnout, in relation to the flexibility of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Clinical cases with work stress-induced burnout (n = 65), and demographically matched, healthy reference subjects (n = 65), were given six neuropsychological tests and a self-rating scale for cognitive problems. Diurnal salivary cortisol was measu
Understanding bio-based protein polymer structures is important when designing new materials with desirable properties. Here the effect of urea on the wheat gluten (WG) protein structure in WG–urea films was investigated. Small-angle X-ray scattering indicated the formation of a hexagonal closepacked (HCP) hierarchical structure in the WG–urea materials. The HCP structure was influenced significan
We reviewed published and unpublished written reports on bat mortality at wind farms in northwestern Europe. The estimated number of bats killed per turbine annually was relatively low (0-3) on flat, open farmland away from the coast, higher (2-5) in more complex agricultural landscapes, and highest (5-20) at the coast and on forested hills and ridges. The species killed almost exclusively (98%) b
Background Meniscus surgery is a high-volume surgery carried out on 1 million patients annually in the USA. The procedure is conducted on an outpatient basis and the patients leave the hospital a few hours after surgery. A critical oversight of previous studies is their failure to account for the type of meniscal tears. Meniscus tears can be categorised as traumatic or non-traumatic. Traumatic tea
Background: Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) in hair dyes can cause systemic as well as cutaneous allergic reactions such as neutrophilic and eosinophilic dermatitis. The symptoms are often severe. The acute lesion is normally histologically indistinguishable from any eczematous reaction with marked spongiosis. Observations: We report a case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by the use of hair dye c
Rare Earth Elements are in growing demand globally. This paper presents a case study of applied mathematical modeling and multi objective optimization to optimize the separation of heavy Rare Earth Elements, Terbium-Lutetium, by means of preparative solid phase extraction chromatography, which means that an extraction ligand, HDEHP, is immobilized on a C18 silica phase, and nitric acid is used as
Organometal halide (OMH) perovskites have attracted lots of attention over the last several years due to their very promising performance as the materials for solar cells and light-emitting devices. Photophysical processes in these hybrid organic inorganic semiconductors are still heavily debated. To know precise absorption spectra is absolutely necessary for quantitative understanding of the fund
We present a method for characterizing ultrashort laser pulses in space and time, based on spatially resolved Fourier transform spectrometry. An unknown pulse is interfered with a delayed, spatially uniform reference on a CCD camera. The reference pulse is created by spatially filtering a portion of the unknown pulse. By scanning the delay between the two pulses, an interferogram is obtained at ea
The effect of soil moisture on bacterial growth was investigated, and the effects of rewetting were compared with glucose addition because both treatments increase substrate availability. Bacterial growth was estimated as thymidine and leucine incorporation, and was compared with respiration. Low growth rates were found in air-dried soil, increasing rapidly to high stable values in moist soils. Re
In this article I present the motivation for introducing the invariant functions of mass matrices, based on my own work, and give some examples. Since their introduction in 1985, in the framework of the Standard Electroweak Model, they have been used by many authors. Some authors have gone further along this path and have studied the extensions of this concept to frameworks beyond the Standard Mod
Background: Data for multiple common susceptibility alleles for breast cancer may be combined to identify women at different levels of breast cancer risk. Such stratification could guide preventive and screening strategies. However, empirical evidence for genetic risk stratification is lacking. Methods: We investigated the value of using 77 breast cancer-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms
Digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) calculates peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) from hand radiographs. The short-term precision for direct DXR has been reported to be highly satisfactory. However, long-term precision for this method has not been examined. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the long-term in-vitro precision for the new direct digital version of DXR. The in-vitro precisio
Uppsatsen är en "debatterande fördjupningsrecension", vilket innebär att den är en del i ett temanummer, där fyra olika recensenter utifrån sina teologiska specialområden granskar olika aspekter av en doktorsavhandling i teologi. Temanumret avslutas med att författaren till avhandling ger sina kommentarer till de olika recensenternas synpunkter. Den granskade doktorsavhandlingen heter "Lag och eva
Two new rotational bands of distinct character have been identified in Hf-164. They are suggested to correspond to the long-anticipated triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands predicted by theoretical studies. The bands have been linked to known states, and the level spins and energies could be determined. The bands are also substantially stronger in intensity and are located at lower spins than th
Background and Aims: Spontaneous type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the BioBreeding (BB) rat mimics human T1D as the rats experience weight loss, polydipsia, polyuria, ketoacidosis, onset during puberty and insulin-dependency within a day after diagnosis. Because the DP rat develops T1D spontaneously, it is a prime laboratory animal for dissecting the genetics of T1D susceptibility without the need for exte
Abstract in Undeterminedhe paper is based on selected findings of the research project EEC 2092/91 (Organic) revision. It contributes to an improved understanding of the core ethical values associated with and principles of organic farming, analyses reference to such values in the European Regulation (EEC) 2092/91 and its ongoing revision, and contrasts them with current practice of organic agricu
Algorithms for solving systems of polynomial equations are key components for solving geometry problems in computer vision. Fast and stable polynomial solvers are essential for numerous applications e.g. minimal problems or finding for all stationary points of certain algebraic errors. Recently, full symmetry in the polynomial systems has been utilized to simplify and speed up state-of-the-art pol
