The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily encompasses the ligands and receptors for TGF-beta, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), and Activins. Cellular response to ligand is context-dependent and may be controlled by specificity and/or redundancy of expression of these superfamily members. Several pathways within this family have been implicated in the proliferation, differentiatio

A promising technique for dating paleosols is reported based on radiocarbon (C-14) dating of asexual spores from vesicular-arbuscular mycorrizae (VAM). The soils are dispersed in water and some 6000-8000 spores separated by hand picking under a low power microscope. The dried spores are then dated by accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS). A chronosequense of closely superimposed paleosols from an ar

Symptoms and signs of the urogenital estrogen deficiency syndrome occur relatively late in a women's life when endogenous estrogen levels are well below those required to stimulate endometrial growth. At age 60 and above symptoms are common and progress with advancing age. The first and most common complaint is vaginal dryness, but symptoms of lost control of micturition as well as urge incontinen

Endo-beta-1,4-D-mannanase is the key depolymerizing enzyme for beta-1,4-mannan polymers present in the cell walls of plants and some algae, as well as in some types of plant seeds. Endo-1,4-beta-mannanase from blue mussel Mytilus edulis (MeMan5A) belongs to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5 enzymes. The MeMan5A structure has been determined to 1.6 angstrom resolution using the multiple-wavelen

We used a simple discrete-time population model to investigate how temporally structured density-dependence influences a population's response to loss due to harvesting. We assumed that reproduction is a relative discrete event in time, followed by density-dependent mortality and then harvesting, or followed by harvesting and then density-dependent mortality. Such an ordering of events in time may

The oxides that form during thermal oxidation of natural FeS2 (pyrite and marcasite) consist of nanometer-sized crystals of alpha-Fe2O3 and gamma-Fe2O3. This is shown with heating experiments that were made up to 650 degrees C, which resembles temperatures used in metallurgical processes. It is shown that magnetic measurements can play a key role in the investigation of this reaction, due to the u

Fuel cells in combination with hydrogen are expected to play an important role in a future, sustainable transport system. Recent studies have provided insight into how technological transitions may come about and may be I managed. However, there is a lack of methodologies aimed at starting off transitions or system innovations, in practice. This paper addresses this issue by presenting a methodolo

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles form by budding at the surface of most cell types. In this process, a piece of the plasma membrane is modified into an enveloped virus particle. The process is driven by the internal viral protein Pr55(gag). We have studied how host proteins in the membrane are dealt with by Pr55(gag) during budding. Are they included in or excluded from the particle?

The neutron-deficient nucleus La-123 was studied via the Mo-92(Ca-40,2ap) reaction at a beam energy of 184 MeV. Previously known bands were extended to a much higher spin, and in two cases the structures are now observed near 40 (h) over bar. In addition, three new sequences were identified and linked into previously known bands. The lowest (pi,alpha)=(+,-1/2) structure displays characteristics si

Concentrations of 34 trace elements in hair have been determined in 47 females from an acid region in southern Sweden, who were compared with 43 females from an alkaline area. The concentrations of these elements in hair and drinking water were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The hair concentrations of boron a

Lungtumörer, Koriokarcinom, Differentialdiagnostik, Könsfaktorer, Koriongonadotropin

To establish a knowledge seeking that sheds light upon manifoldness without simplifying plurality or further exposing implicit power hegemonies, feminist scholars need to distinguish between forms of rationalist knowledge and knowledge as praxis. This article calls attention to the fact that scholars need to address how issues of habits, norms, customs and ideas are related to the production of kn

In cystic fibrosis (CF) colonization of the airways with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of deterioration and death. Host defence fails to clear the invading bacteria, which results in a chronic destructive inflammatory process. This thesis deals with factors in the interaction between bacteria and host defence that determine the extent of tissue damage caused by the bacteria. (I) Autoant

There are several ways to implement and work with the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The company Ericsson Data AB was one of the pioneers in employing the BSC in Sweden. As early adopters, they were interested in obtaining an evaluation performed by external researchers. We were fortunate to have that opportunity. During the autumn of 1998, Majvor Karlsson and Ellen Sharma had full access to the develo