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Modeling is of key importance in fuel cell development beyond the current-state-of-the-art because it is beneficial to understand the mechanisms of various interacting phenomena and effects on the cell performance. It is also hard to measure the local parameters inside fuel cells, particularly inside the small scale functional materials. Modeling and simulation of charge transfer and electrochemic
The detailed heat transfer distributions and pressure drop in the turn region of a U-bend channel with and without ribs have been experimentally investigated using liquid crystal thermography. The Reynolds numbers based on hydraulic diameter of the channel and the bulk velocity are 20,000 and 26,000. The ribs are mounted on the outer wall surface in the turn region of the U-bend channel; the rib h
We present and test a model of the accumulation of plant competences. Fundamentally, the cumulative model consists of three building blocks: production competences, supply chain competences, and development competences, which are added successively. First, the basic production competence bundle comprises manufacturing, technical maintenance, and process development. Second, supply chain competence
Graphite foam is one kind of favorable materials in thermal engineering applications because of its high thermal conductivity and large specific surface area. However, there is an associated high flow resistance in the graphite foam resulting from the porous structure property. In order to reduce the flow resistance and enhance the heat transfer, dimpled fins could be applied in graphite foam heat
Modern working life is characterized by change and competiveness. It is also characterized by a drift away from low-skilled work to more complex jobs and increased social interaction. This means that the human resources employees and their skills, competencies, engagement and motivation are the greatest asset of many organizations. This has implications for how an organization can be healthy, i.e.
European researchers from both the natural and social sciences show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. A wealth of theoretical frameworks, concepts, and methods are used, but an integration of perspectives is lacking. This research note summarizes results from two orkshops that included 63 delegates from 25 European countries, as well as a follow-up survey of
Teaching in higher education should be based on research findings. Urban design and architecture are ‘making disciplines’ and their link to formal research is described as tenuous. This paper reports on a collaborative educational workshop, the Walkshop, designed to bridge the gap between the multidisciplinary research project Urban Walking and the master’sprogramme in sustainable urban design and
OBJECTIVES: Angiopoietins modulate endothelial permeability via endothelial cell junctions. Angiopoietin-2 blocks the angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 interaction that stabilizes these junctions, and elevated plasma angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with vascular leakage. We hypothesized that plasma angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with indirect markers of increased vascular permeabi
The Internet and the development and deployment of new access networktechnologieshas opened up for new information and communication applications.The mobile or cellular networks have evolved from a facility for voice call totoday's IP only network. The evolution has also allowed for re-use of old andavailable infrastructure for technologies that increases the available capacity farbeyond the origi
The regulatory credit value adjustment (CVA) for an outstanding over-the-counter (OTC) derivative portfolio is computed based on the portfolio exposure over its lifetime. Usually, the future portfolio exposure is approximated using the Monte Carlo simulation, as the portfolio value can be driven by several market risk-factors. For derivatives, such as Bermudan swaptions, that do not have an analyt
This paper describes an American Monte Carlo approach for obtaining fast and accurate exercise policies for pricing of callable LIBOR Exotics (e.g., Bermudan swaptions) in the LIBOR market model using the Stochastic Grid Bundling Method (SGBM). SGBM is a bundling and regression based Monte Carlo method where the continuation value is projected onto a space where the distribution is known. We also
This paper presents a computationally efficient technique for the computation of exposure distributions at any future time under the risk-neutral and some observed real-world probability measures; these are needed for the computation of credit valuation adjustment (CVA) and potential future exposure (PFE). In particular,we present a valuation framework for Bermudan swaptions. The essential idea is
