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Our closest living relatives are the chimpanzees, with whom we last shared a common ancestor about 5-6 million years ago. 98% of our protein-coding regions are identical. However, despite our close similarities when it comes to the protein-coding regions in our genome, our cognitive abilities and the size of our brains differ considerably. The Non coding regions, which cover 98% of our genome, are

Minispares, or spare wheels, can often cause a lot of problems for the control of the car since it rotates notably faster than normal tyres. This because it is often smaller to reduce weight. When a minispare is used, it needs to be detected for the control system to understand that one tyre is allowed to spin faster compared to the others. If the control system does not know this, it will believe

Bakgrund: Lek är en grundläggande aktivitet och en mänsklig rättighet. Genom att delta i lek tillägnar sig barn nya erfarenheter vilket leder till utveckling. Lekplatsers unika miljö möjliggör barns utveckling men för barn med funktionsnedsättning kan denna miljö innebära utmaningar av fysisk, social eller kognitiv karaktär. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att kartlägga hur miljön på offentliga lekplatBackground: Play is an essential activity and a human right. Through participation in play children can get experience which leads to development. The playground is an important place for children but for children with disabilities the occupations on playgrounds can often mean physical, social or cognitive challenges. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore how environmental factors in public pl

Maskar och ärrvävnad - Hur påverkar det färgen hos fisk? För att överleva olika typer av infektioner är det viktigt att immunförsvaret fungerar. Det kan dock också vara kostsamt att ha ett immunförsvar. Ett exempel är feber. Kroppen slår tillbaka mot en infektion, men själv känner en sig inte direkt manad till mycket annat än att sova. Kroppen måste avväga vad som är viktigt att lägga energi på vTo understand why immune traits affect the fitness of its host is an important part of understanding why and how immune responses evolve. In threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), fibrosis is an immune response evolved to combat infection of the tapeworm parasite Schistocephalus solidus. Already known is that fibrosis leads to a reduced mating success for males. Here I investigated wheth

Playing games with reinforcement learning has for years been a target for research and has seen incredible breakthroughs in recent years. Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning, which can be combined with the concept of deep learning, resulting in what is called deep reinforcement learning. The promise of deep reinforcement learning attracts businesses that aim to get an edge over tr

Den globala uppvärmningen har stora effekter på det subarktiska ekosystemet i norra Sverige. De ökande temperaturerna i dessa ekosystem har lett till ett tinande av permafrosten i marken. Permafrosten innehåller stora mängder kol och när tjälen i marken försvinner blir detta kol tillgängligt för nedbrytning av mikrober i marken. Denna nedbrytning av kol i kombination med en våtare mark leder till The northern permafrost regions are experiencing a rapid warming as surface temperatures are rising, causing a disintegration of permafrost and a deepening of the active layer (AL). This releases previously frozen carbon, making it available for decomposition by microbes. The combination of the high microbial activity and overall wetter soils may cause anoxic conditions and in turn methane (CH4) a

The Covid-19 pandemic is in multiple ways a new type of crisis. The virus outbreak has had a serious impact on global health and has caused an economic downturn that is heavily driven by the restrictions implemented to attenuate the health-crisis. Apart from affecting the mobility of individuals, these restrictions impose additional constraints that policy makers need to adhere to when conducting

Human capital has been acknowledged as directly related to a firm’s performance. However, few researchers have analysed the influence of human capital and its degree of transferability into new venture development. This thesis aims to explore the phenomenon of individuals leaving careers in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) to establish new ventures. Specifically, this thesis aims to provid

The humanitarian crises, which suddenly emerged in Akhalgori and claimed the lives of dozens of people, raised questions on the legal responsibility of Georgia and Russia to guarantee timely and adequate healthcare in the district. The uncertainties regarding the state’s obligations were caused by the specific legal status of Akhalgori, which is Georgia’s lost territory beyond its effective contro

Ämnesplanen i svenska i gymnasiet ska bygga på men inte överlappa kursplanen i svenska i grundskolan. Grammatiken beskrivs endast implicit i Svenska 1 och omnämns explicit först i Svenska 2. Detta innebär att grammatikundervisning och metaspråk i svenskämnet på gymnasiet i hög grad är beroende av elevernas grammatiska förkunskaper från grundskolan. Syftet var att undersöka hur svensklärare hanteraThe syllabus in Swedish in upper secondary school should be based on, but not overlap, the syllabus in Swedish in primary school. Grammar is only implicitly described in Swedish 1 and is explicitly mentioned only once you move on to Swedish 2. This means that grammar teaching and metalanguage in Swedish in upper secondary school is to a large extent dependent on the students' prior grammatical

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination hesitancy has not become a new phenomenon, but a new threat. Although a large body of research literature exists that focuses on the influence of frames on intention to vaccinate, no framing studies exist yet that address the COVID-19 vaccine due to the recent pandemic. This study aims to produce new knowledge on the influence of gain and lo

This thesis investigates the amendments of the Law on the Arrangement of Internet Publication and Combating Crimes Committed Through These Publications regarding its impact on the public sphere in Turkey, and explores the importance of the political background in which one analyses law. The study argues that social media is the last free public sphere in Turkey and analyses how the law aims to att

I en alltmer digital värld överförs elektronisk information varje sekund till alla delar av världen. Denna elektroniska information övervakas av stater och dess offentliga myndigheter, vars övervakningsförmåga läcktes redan 2013 av Edward Snowden. På andra sidan av detta fenomen finns grundläggande rättigheter, nämligen rätten till integritet, skydd av personuppgifter, en opartisk domstol och tillIn a world which is becoming more digital, electronic information is being transferred every second to all parts of the world, containing personal data. This electronic communication can be subject of surveillance by the public authorities – the capabilities of the public authorities were leaked already by Edward Snowden in 2013. On the other side of the surveillance are the fundamental rights, na

Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att öka kunskapen om butikspersonalens upplevelser av den mobilanvändande kunden. Frågeställningar: 1. Hur påverkar kundens mobilanvändning interaktioner mellan kund och personal i butik? 2. Hur upplever butikspersonalen att kundens mobilanvändning påverkar deras arbetssituation? Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och baseras på djupintervjuer med nio säl

Food production and consumption have a major role in climate change mitigation processes. The global food systems must develop to be more sustainable as they currently are contributing to the anthropogenic pressure the ecosystems struggle to carry. However, there is no clear academic consensus on what “sustainability” in regards to food consumption is, how it is measured or when it is achieved. T

This thesis is based on an applied cultural analysis of a Swedish Holocaust exhibition displaying artefacts brought to southern Sweden by survivors of a concentration camp. The thesis aims to analyse and question different, seemingly contradictory narratives connected to this exhibition in order to find out how and why museums and their educators tell Holocaust narratives and how they want those t

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om beteendeintentionen att följa rekommendationer i ett Public Service Announcement (samhällsinformation/PSA) publicerat på Instagram påverkades beroende på om avsändaren angavs som en fiktiv myndighet eller en fiktiv influencer samt att undersöka om negativt emotionellt bildmaterial påverkar beteendeintentionen att följa rekommendationerna. Studien syftadThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether the behavioral intention to follow recommendations in a Public Service Announcement (PSA) published on Instagram is affected depending on whether the publisher was listed as a fictitionalauthority or a fictitional influencer and to investigate whether negative emotional imagematerialaffects the behavioral intention to follow the recommendations.

Teknikutveckling för elvägar är högaktuell i dagens samhälle. Flertalet olika tekniker och infrastruktur för laddning under körning av elfordon testas i Sverige idag. En möjlig elvägslösning är laddning konduktivt från ett spår eller skena placerad på vägen under elfordonet. Vid sådan konduktiv laddning släpar en kontakt i spår eller på skena och laddar elfordonet. Detta sätter stora krav på kontaThe development of technology for electric road systems is highly relevant today. Plenty of technologies and infrastructure for charging while driving electric vehicles are being tested in Sweden today. One possible solution for an electric road system is conductive charging from a rail on top of, or milled into, the road below the electric vehicle. In this type of conductive charging an electric

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to find out what pharmaceutical companies are doing in exploitation and exploration to improve R&D productivity. This research will also investigate the implications of management and control theories in combining exploration and exploitation in the context of pharmaceutical R&D. Methodology: Multiple case study interviews. Theoretical perspective

Many different species rely on secondary sexual traits to communicate fitness and individual value to potential mates. Songbirds are known to use many different secondary sexual traits, including visual displays, plumage coloration, and song; for territorial defense, mate attraction/assessment, and pair interactions. Song is thought to reflect key traits of singers including the species and popula