Filtyp
We present a method for obtaining an initial-state parton shower model where the (backward) evolution is fully consistent with the (forward) evolution of the collinear parton density is used. As a proof-of-concept we use parton densities obtained with the Parton Branching (PB) approach, and modify the default initial-state shower in PYTHIA8 with this method for consistency. PB is ideally suited fo
This paper examines how transnational conservative religious networks (TCRNs) have cemented their position as major players in the Organization of American States (OAS) in order to dispute reproductive rights and rights relating to sexual diversity. Drawing on fieldwork, interviews and legal analysis in general assemblies and summits of the Americas (2020-2025), it identifies three main strategies
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the stakeholder perspectives in a public–private partnership project as a remarkable initiative to enhance quality education at the tertiary level in Turkey. In this regard, the motivations behind participating in the partnership, perceived benefits and challenges, significant outcomes, and recommendations for similar prospective partnership programs were in
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to establish reference values for swallowing safety using flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in healthy adults across the lifespan and to examine the influence of age, sex, bolus characteristics, and snoring on the risk of unsafe swallowing.METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 128 healthy adults (21-91 years). Participan
Top-down approaches using inverse modelling provide valuable complementary information to national methane emission inventories, which are primarily based on bottom-up methods. Here, we focus on Italy, where methane is currently monitored at five stations that belong to the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS). Top-down estimates show substantial discrepancies over this country, suggesting
A3BX6 perovskites, a family of vacancy-ordered structures, exhibit diverse luminescence behaviors upon photon, electron, and high-energy excitation, primarily originating from intrinsic self-trapped excitons or dopant-induced electronic transitions. Upon B-site cation engineering, ns2 cations tune intrinsic luminescence, whereas transition-metal and rare-earth dopants activate characteristic d–d,
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed extensive polygenic signals and overlapping genetic architectures across human traits, creating a need for resources that connect trait-level genetic relationships with gene-level functional evidence. Here, we developed the Multi-Omics Causal Resource Database (MOCR-DB), an interactive platform that integrates large-scale GWAS summary statistics
We explore three examples of teaching-development activities that aim to promote discussions about teaching among academic staff across several Norwegian Earth System Science departments. The three events are a conference-like annual gathering of students and staff from across the country, a monthly Teaching and Learning themed Journal Club held at a large department with a wide range of research
The air quality index LAQx (Long-term Air Quality Index), which has been recently developed to evaluate the long-term integral air quality related to well-being and health of people, was applied to analyse the evolution of air pollution from 1985 to 2005 at different urban and rural sites in SW Germany. The LAQx method including the air pollutants taken into account is briefly discussed. LAQx is g
The relationships between plant carbon resources, soil carbon and nitrogen content, and ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) diversity in a monospecific, old-growth beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest were investigated by manipulating carbon flux by girdling. We hypothesized that disruption of the carbon supply would not affect diversity and EMF species numbers if EM fungi can be supplied by plant internal car
Most studies implicitly consider soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux as the instantaneous soil respiration and thereby neglect possible changes in the amount of CO2 stored in the soil pore-space. We measured the CO2 concentration profile of a well-aerated soil continuously to evaluate the dynamics of the stored CO2 and to analyse the influence of environmental factors. For 25% of the observation peri
Understanding ecosystem water fluxes has gained increasing attention, as climate scenarios predict a drier environment for many parts of the world. Evaporative enrichment of 18O (Δ18O) of leaf water and subsequent enrichment of plant organic matter can be used to characterize environmental and physiological factors that control evaporation, based on a recently established mechanistic model. In a P
Due to its drought sensitivity, the performance and competitiveness of beech as a favoured species of forest management in Central Europe is likely to be negatively affected by the prognosticated climate change, leading to major impacts on the vulnerability of managed forest ecosystems. We studied the genetic differentiation between two populations from a relatively cold and wet northeast (represe
The carbon ( 13C) and oxygen ( 18O) stable isotope composition is widely used to obtain information on the linkages between environmental drivers and tree physiology over various time scales. The tree-ring archive can especially be exploited to reconstruct inter- and intra-annual variation of both climate and physiology. There is, however, a lack of information on the processes potentially affecti
The 13C isotopic signature (C stable isotope ratio; δ13C) of CO2 respired from forest ecosystems and their particular compartments are known to be influenced by temporal changes in environmental conditions affecting C isotope fractionation during photosynthesis. Whereas most studies have assessed temporal variation in δ13C of ecosystem-respired CO2 on a day-to-day scale, not much information is av
Regional climate models predict an intensification of extreme heat waves in Central Europe. Against this background, the significance of human-biometeorologically orientated urban planning strategies is increasing by which the impairment of thermal comfort for people in cities in the future can be minimised. Such strategies require quantitative information on factors determining human thermal comf
Nitrogen (N) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems is complex since it involves the closely interwoven processes of both N uptake by plants and microbial turnover of a variety of N metabolites. Major interactions between plants and microorganisms involve competition for the same N species, provision of plant nutrients by microorganisms and labile carbon (C) supply to microorganisms by plants via root
Preclinical gene therapy studies of mitochondrial diseases remain limited due to the typically multi-organ manifestations and the scarcity of physiologically relevant animal models. Mutations in BCS1L , a nuclear gene encoding an assembly factor for mitochondrial complex III (CIII), are the most common cause of CIII deficiency. The most severe phenotype, GRACILE syndrome, is caused by a homozygous
