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Thin films of different derivatives of fluorinated alkyl phosphoric acids have been deposited from aqueous solutions onto surfaces of oxidized polycrystalline nickel stamps. which are commonly used in several industrial applications of nanoimprint lithography (NIL). The films have been established in order to increase the antiadhesion tendencies at the stamp polymer interface. Thicknesses, chemica

The role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized in dendritic spines has become a subject of intense interest because of its potential functions in local protein synthesis and signal transduction. Although it is recognized from electron microscopic studies that not all spines contain ER, little is know of its dynamic regulation or turnover. Here, we report a surprising degree of turnover of ER

Controlled ensemble formation of protein-surfactant systems provides a fundamental concept for the realization of nanoscale devices with self-organizing capability. In this context, spectroscopic monitoring of pigment-containing proteins yields detailed structural information. Here we have studied the association behavior of the bacterial light-harvesting protein LH2 from Rhodobacter spheroides in

The vertical transport of tracers by a cumulus ensemble at the TOGA-COARE site is modelled during a 7 day episode using 2-D and 3-D cloud-resolving setups of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. Lateral boundary conditions (LBC) for tracers, water vapour, and wind are specified and the horizontal advection of trace gases across the lateral domain boundaries is considered. Furthermore, th

Neurogenesis in the adult rat dentate gyrus was studied following focal ischemic insults produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals were subjected to either 30 min of MCAO, which causes damage confined to the striatum, or 2 h of MCAO, which leads to both striatal and cortical infarction. When compared to sham-operated rats, MCAO-rats showed a marked increase of the number of cell

Many nervous system pathologies are associated with increased levels of apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a lipocalin also expressed during normal development and aging. An ApoD homologous gene in Drosophila, Glial Lazarillo, regulates resistance to stress, and neurodegeneration in the aging brain. Here we study for the first time the protective potential of ApoD in a vertebrate model organism. Loss of mou

Sertindole is an antipsychotic drug with affinity for dopamine D, serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C, and alpha(1)-adrenoreceptors. Preclinical studies suggest that sertindole acts preferentially on limbic and cortical dopaminergic neurons and clinical trials have confirmed that sertindole is effective at a low cloparnine D-2 occupancy level. The active substance has a long half-life. Oral administration

Abstract Let μ be a finite positive measure on the closed disk D¯ in the complex plane, let 1 ≤ t < ∞, and let Pt(μ) denote the closure of the analytic polynomials in Lt(μ). We suppose that D is the set of analytic bounded point evaluations for Pt(μ), and that Pt(μ) contains no nontrivial characteristic functions. It is then known that the restriction of μ to ∂D must be of the form h|dz|. W

White matter damage and inflammatory response are important secondary outcomes after acute neural disorders. Nevertheless, a few studies addressed the temporal outcomes of these pathological events using non-traumatic models of acute brain injury. In the present study, we describe acute inflammatory response and white matter neuropathology between 1 and 7 days after acute excitotoxic striatal dama

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses were determined in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-2-exposed uninfected individuals, HIV-2-infected individuals and HIV-negative controls in Guinea-Bissau. Increased HIV-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses were detected in both groups compared to HIV-negative controls (healthy HIV

A crepuscular or nocturnal lifestyle has evolved in bees several times independently, probably to explore rewarding pollen sources without competition and to minimize predation and nest parasites. Despite these obvious advantages, only few bee species are nocturnal. Here we show that the sensitivity of the bee apposition eye is a major factor limiting the ability to forage in dim light. We present

Food selectivity and grazing impact by Acartia bifilosa, Temora longicornis and Centropages typicus on Dinophysis spp. plankton assemblages were experimentally investigated in the Baltic Sea. Toxin analyses were carried out on phyto- and zooplankton-dominated size fractions from field-collected samples to assess if toxins produced by Dinophysis spp. would end up in the zooplankton. All copepod spe

The variability between repetitive pyrolysis—chromatograms of the same type of samples is not totally random, but can in part be modelled by a principal components (PC) model. This makes it possible to use efficiently repetitive pyrolysis-chromatograms of samples of known types to obtain separate PC models for each type. Samples of unknown origin can then be classified according to which of the PC

Twenty-six years ago it was found that the common soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens is capable of extraordinary feats of interkingdom genetic transfer. Since this discovery, A. tumefaciens has served as a model system for the study of type IV bacterial secretory systems, horizontal gene transfer and bacterial-plant signal exchange. It has also been modified for controlled genetic transforma

We reported seven compounds isolated from mycelial cultures of Chilean Basidiomycetes. The compound structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Two polyacetylenes were isolated from Gymnopilus spectabilis: hepta-4,6-diyn-3-ol (1) and 7-chloro-hepta-4,6-diyn-3 ol (2). We isolated the aromatic compounds p-anisaldehyde (3) and 3-chloro-p-anisaldehyde (4) from Hypholoma capnoides. H. fascicul