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Uppsatsen behandlar förhållandet mellan jämställdhetslagstiftningen och principen om arbetsmarknadsparternas självständighet, och förlängningen motsättningen mellan de båda styrsystemen politik och marknad. Över tid har jämställdhetslagstiftningens innehåll och omfattning skärpts i flera omgångar, vilket åtminstone principiellt sett har inskränkt parternas självständighet. Trots detta präglas lagsThis essay concerns the relation between sex equality legislation and the independence of the labour market organisations. The relation can also be recognised as the opposition between the two steering systems politics and markets. Over the years the sex equality legislation has been sharpened several times, which has led to a limitation of the organisations’ independence – at least in a principle

Principen om reklamidentifiering; att en annonsör tydligt måste ange att en annons är reklam, har funnits länge. Den är omhuldad både av medierna, näringslivet och allmänheten i stort. Ända fram till 1970-talet var det näringslivet som genom olika branschregler och privata instanser upprätthöll en viss standard för marknadsföringen. Brist på reklamidentifiering ansågs strida mot god marknadsföringThe rule of identification of advertising; that an advertiser clearly has to show that an advertisement is commercial, is old. It is cherished by the media, the industry and the general public. Up until the seventies it was the industry itself that, thru self regulation and private courts, upheld a certain standard in regards to marketing. The lack of identification of advertising was not conside

De första universiteten i Europa grundades i en tid då samhället var strikt hierarkiskt. Det bestod av sammanslutningar, så kallade korporationer, med olika rättigheter och skyldigheter sinsemellan. Universitetet utvecklades till att bli en sådan korporation. Efterhand tillerkändes vissa korporationer privilegier, inledningsvis av den andliga makten och sedan av den värdsliga. Ett av de privilegieThe first universities in Europe were founded during a time when society was strictly hierarchical. It consisted of various associations, so called corporations, each with their own different rights and obligations. The university developed to become such a corporation. Subsequently, certain privileges were granted certain corporations, at first by the spiritual power and later by the worldly powe

Vår tillgång till information om vilka kemiska ämnen som florerar i samhället är relativt bristfällig och följande utredning strävar efter att finna förslag på förbättrande åtgärder. För att skapa en bra utgångspunkt ska den EU-rättsliga regleringen av kemikalier och information sammanfattas och sedan analyseras. I fokus är främst ekodesigndirektivet, REACH-förordningen samt produktdirektiven RoHSOur access to information on which chemicals now prevailing the society is relatively insufficient and the following investigation endeavor to find a suggestion on how to improve the current situation. This essay is an attempt to summarize the regulation of chemicals and information within the EU. Focus is on the Ecodesign Directive, REACH as well as RoHS and WEEE. Main purpose is to investigate w

Much of earlier work on predictive models for accidents has been focused on rural traffic or urban intersections. This work has aimed at identifying and investigating possible improvements to predictive models for accidents on urban links. A special focus has been on the accidents of vulnerable road users. The possible improvements investigated have been: a) the use of exposure data for vulnerabl

Scolecodonts, polychaete jaws, generally occur abundantly in Silurian shallow marine successions and are known from all continents except Antarctica. The assemblages are typically characterized by taxa with labidognath, placognath and prionognath type jaw apparatuses. They commonly include species of Kettnerites Zebera, 1935, Oenonites Hinde, 1879, Mochtyella Kielan-Jaworowska, 1961, Protarabellit

Catchment-scale material transport models are today important tools for water and environmental management. However, modelling of material transport is extremely complex due to the physical, chemical and biological processes involved. The complexity calls for spatial distribution and thereby a need for large amounts of input data that generally are not available. Lumped models based on conceptual

What are the social positions of adults who were in long-term foster care as children, compared with the general population and with adults who grew up at home in families similar to foster children's birth families? How common is it to have been in foster care? Four approaches are used in this study: - A systematic review of around 50 studies on adult foster children. Conclusions are more pessim

I denna bok utforskas den rättsliga hanteringen av duellbrott som ärekränkningar och dueller med dödlig utgång under stormaktsväldets slutskede. Med inspiration från New Cultural History och teorier om manlighet och våld analyseras lagtexter, rättsfall, prästers och rättslärdas skrifter samt anklagade duellanters brev och nådeansökningar. Studien fokuserar på hur den rättsliga diskursen kring duel

Extracellular glutathione peroxidase (eGSHPx) is a selenoprotein catalysing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides and lipid peroxides in the presence of glutathione. A scaled-up purification procedure for obtaining eGSHPx from human plasma was established based on ammonium sulphate fractionation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and gel chromatogr

Popular Abstract in English Darwin’s masterpiece “On the origin of species” describes how populations (one group of individuals from the same species that can easily mate with each other and that occupy the same geographic area) evolve through the process of natural selection, which can be shortly abbreviated as the survival of the fittest. More specifically, the individuals within one population The gene (Pgi) encoding the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) which plays a central role in the main pathways of carbon metabolism has been shown to be of adaptive significance in a wide range of different species. Earlier studies of enzyme electromorph variation in the grass Festuca ovina suggest that variation in cytosolic PGI (PGIC) may be involved in the adaptive response of F. ovina to th