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Background: Sleep problems (insomnia) and chronic pain are associated. Chronic pain and insomnia/insufficient sleep quality share similar symptoms and features. Although they have a bidirectional relationship, more research is needed to understand how they interact via mediators and how moderators influence this relationship. Aims: In this large clinical registry-based cohort study (N = 6,497), we

The Fennoscandian boreal and mountain regions harbour a wide range of vegetation types, from boreal forest to high alpine tundra and barren soils. The area is facing a rise in air temperature above the global average and changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. This is expected to alter the Fennoscandian vegetation composition and change the conditions for areal land use such as forestry

Background: It is currently unknown whether ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption is associated with a higher incidence of multimorbidity. We examined the relationship of total and subgroup consumption of UPFs with the risk of multimorbidity defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic diseases in an individual among first cancer at any site, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

The impact of preoperative electrophysiology on outcome of surgical treatment in ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE) is not clarified. Our aim was to evaluate influence of preoperative electrophysiologic grading on outcome and analyse how age, sex, and in particular diabetes affect such grading. Electrophysiologic protocols for 406 UNE cases, surgically treated at two hand surgery units repo

Production of agricultural biofuels is expected to rise due to increasing climate change mitigation ambitions. Policy interventions promoting targeted bioenergy solutions can be motivated by the large environmental externalities present in agricultural systems and the local context of biomass production co-benefits. Introducing energy crops in crop rotations in arable land with depleted Soil Organ

The overall aim of the research presented in this thesis was to gain increased knowledge and understanding of aspects and actors that contribute to the preconditions and outcomes for proactive health and safety managementregarding vibration exposure. The main objectives were: 1) to investigate carpenters´ perceptions of the proactive health and safety management at their work sites, and 2) to carr

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for postoperative complications but its impact on outcome after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is scarcely studied. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the effect of continuous insulin infusion on postoperative complications and blood glucose, as well as to evaluate the impact of hyperglycemia on complications, after PD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One h

Purpose: With modern treatments, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients more frequently experience long-lasting remission resulting in a growing population of long-term survivors. Follow-up care includes identification and management of treatment-related late-effects, such as secondary malignancies (SM). We conducted a population-based study to describe the burden of SM in MCL patients. Methods: All

Background Exertional breathlessness is a key symptom in cardiorespiratory disease and can be quantified using incremental exercise testing, but its prognostic significance is unknown. We evaluated the ability of abnormally high breathlessness intensity during incremental cycle exercise testing to predict all-cause, respiratory, and cardiac mortality. Study design and methods Longitudinal cohort s

Background: The Finnish Shaft of the Humerus (FISH) trial compared open reduction and internal plate fixation (ORIF) with functional bracing in adult patients with displaced, closed humeral shaft fractures. Here, we compare the results of the patients in the randomized clinical trial (RCT [the randomized cohort]) with those of the cohort of patients who were also eligible but declined randomizatio

Leapfrog migration is a common migration pattern in birds where the breeding and wintering latitudes between populations are in reversed latitudinal sequence. Competition for wintering and breeding sites has been suggested to be an ultimate factor, and several competitor-based hypotheses have been proposed to explain this pattern. If wintering sites close to the breeding sites are favored, competi

Objectives A rising incidence of septic shock as well as recommendations for early vasopressor initiation has increased the number of patients eligible for norepinephrine (NE). Traditionally, NE has been administered through central lines, in intensive care units, due to the risk of extravasation in peripheral lines. The aim of the current study is to determine the rate of complications and patien

Uppsatsen behandlar förhållandet mellan jämställdhetslagstiftningen och principen om arbetsmarknadsparternas självständighet, och förlängningen motsättningen mellan de båda styrsystemen politik och marknad. Över tid har jämställdhetslagstiftningens innehåll och omfattning skärpts i flera omgångar, vilket åtminstone principiellt sett har inskränkt parternas självständighet. Trots detta präglas lagsThis essay concerns the relation between sex equality legislation and the independence of the labour market organisations. The relation can also be recognised as the opposition between the two steering systems politics and markets. Over the years the sex equality legislation has been sharpened several times, which has led to a limitation of the organisations’ independence – at least in a principle

Principen om reklamidentifiering; att en annonsör tydligt måste ange att en annons är reklam, har funnits länge. Den är omhuldad både av medierna, näringslivet och allmänheten i stort. Ända fram till 1970-talet var det näringslivet som genom olika branschregler och privata instanser upprätthöll en viss standard för marknadsföringen. Brist på reklamidentifiering ansågs strida mot god marknadsföringThe rule of identification of advertising; that an advertiser clearly has to show that an advertisement is commercial, is old. It is cherished by the media, the industry and the general public. Up until the seventies it was the industry itself that, thru self regulation and private courts, upheld a certain standard in regards to marketing. The lack of identification of advertising was not conside

De första universiteten i Europa grundades i en tid då samhället var strikt hierarkiskt. Det bestod av sammanslutningar, så kallade korporationer, med olika rättigheter och skyldigheter sinsemellan. Universitetet utvecklades till att bli en sådan korporation. Efterhand tillerkändes vissa korporationer privilegier, inledningsvis av den andliga makten och sedan av den värdsliga. Ett av de privilegieThe first universities in Europe were founded during a time when society was strictly hierarchical. It consisted of various associations, so called corporations, each with their own different rights and obligations. The university developed to become such a corporation. Subsequently, certain privileges were granted certain corporations, at first by the spiritual power and later by the worldly powe

Vår tillgång till information om vilka kemiska ämnen som florerar i samhället är relativt bristfällig och följande utredning strävar efter att finna förslag på förbättrande åtgärder. För att skapa en bra utgångspunkt ska den EU-rättsliga regleringen av kemikalier och information sammanfattas och sedan analyseras. I fokus är främst ekodesigndirektivet, REACH-förordningen samt produktdirektiven RoHSOur access to information on which chemicals now prevailing the society is relatively insufficient and the following investigation endeavor to find a suggestion on how to improve the current situation. This essay is an attempt to summarize the regulation of chemicals and information within the EU. Focus is on the Ecodesign Directive, REACH as well as RoHS and WEEE. Main purpose is to investigate w

Popular Abstract in German Spannungsgesteuerte Kalziumkanäle haben eine große Bedeutung in vielen elektrisch erregbaren Zellen, wie z.B. in Nervenzellen und pankreatischen beta-Zellen. Hier werden sie folgendermaßen aktiviert: In der Nahrung enthaltener Traubenzucker (Glukose) wird nach einer Mahlzeit über den Blutstrom im Körper verteilt und in die beta-Zellen über Glukosetransporter aufgenommen.Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are essential transducers of cellular signals in many electrically excitable cells. In the pancreatic beta-cell they mediate controlled Ca2+ influx, which is the final trigger for Ca2+ dependent release (exocytosis) of the blood glucose lowering hormone insulin. Several subtypes of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are known and the L-type has been found to be the main contri