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Background and purpose A considerable number of patients who undergo surgery for spinal stenosis have residual symptoms and inferior function and health-related quality of life after surgery. There have been few studies on factors that may predict outcome. We tried to find predictors of outcome in surgery for spinal stenosis using patient- and imaging-related factors. Patients and methods 109 pati
Background and Purpose-Evidence is emerging that inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke (IS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic variation in the interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist genes (IL1A, IL1B, and IL1RN) is associated with IS and/or any etiologic subtype of IS. Methods-Twelve tagSNPs were anal
Objective: Pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) is an important cause of late mortality in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). We aimed to describe current practices for the management of postoperative PVO and the efficacy of the different interventional procedures. Methods: We conducted a retrospective international collaborative population-based study involving 19 pediatric cardia
Acidic soils are harsh environments for plants. One of the major problems is the potential toxicity of aluminium (Al) and hydrogen ions at a pH below 5: another is the shortage of nutrients usually accompanying soil acidity. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonisation and soil acidity (measured by pH and Al concentration) in order to eva
BACKGROUND: Health-economic models of diabetes are complex since the disease is chronic, progressive and there are many diabetic complications. External validation of these models helps building trust and satisfies demands from decision makers. We evaluated the external validity of the IHE Cohort Model of Type 2 Diabetes; the impact of using alternative macrovascular risk equations; and compared t
We hypothesised that the correlation between autoantibody specificity for the ZnT8 Arg325Trp isoforms and the type 2 diabetes-associated rs13266634 may affect beta-cell function at type 1 diabetes (T ID) onset. To study this, we tested 482 newly diagnosed diabetic probands and 478 healthy siblings from the Danish population-based T1D registry for autoantibodies to ZnT8 (ZnT8A) in addition to GAD65
This dissertation aims to investigate and analyze people's preparation for retirement. The study has been made through semi-structured interviews with 78 people born between the years 1931-1981 regarding their preparations for retirement. The analysis is based on the model Reflexive Planning for Later Life, coping, bounded rationality, behavioural finance and the concept of governmentality, and
Background: In 2007, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) issued recommendations on diet, physical activity, and weight management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive collection of available evidence. Objective: We investigated whether concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations is related to risk of death. Design: The
In 1994, acrylamide (AA) was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, AA was discovered at relatively high concentrations in some starchy, plant-based foods cooked at high temperatures. A prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of AA and ductal adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreatic c
Popular Abstract in English According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 415 million people suffer from diabetes worldwide. Diabetes occurs when the pancreatic beta cells are no longer able to produce or properly use insulin. Insulin regulates blood glucose levels by enabling glucose uptake into cells, providing the body with energy. Elevated glucose levels cause damages to highly vasDiabetes mellitus is metabolic disorder caused by a defect or lack of beta cell-produced insulin that controls blood glucose homeostasis. In addition to glucose, insulin secretion is regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS); the neurotransmitter acetylcholine as well as monoamines, such as dopamine, serotonin, melatonin and norepinephrine. Using a MafA mutant mouse model, we show that MafA
Popular Abstract in Uncoded languages A modern tartószerkezeti szabványok általában két fő követelményt támasztanak a tartószerkezetekekkel, illetve szerkezeti elemekkel szemben. Az egyik a tönkremenetellel szembeni biztonsághoz, míg a másik a használhatósághoz kapcsolódik. A szerkezeti használhatóság a tartószerkezet azon képessége, hogy tervezett szerepét élettartams során folyamatosan betöltse.In many design situations the acceptable performance of structures is defined by serviceability requirements. To estimate the probability of serviceability failure three main design aspects should be considered: (1) the relevant exposures, (2) the structural response and (3) the performance criteria. This thesis presents background information and new findings on structural serviceability related
Background: It has been suggested that changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over time (ie, PSA velocity [PSAV]) aid prostate cancer detection. Some guidelines do incorporate PSAV cut points as an indication for biopsy. Objective: To evaluate whether PSAV enhances prediction of biopsy outcome in a large, representative, population-based cohort. Design, setting, and participants: There were 27
Aims. - Elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study explored the association between BMI changes in the first 18 months of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and the risk of long-term CVD mortality. Methods. - A total of 8486 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and no previous history of CVD or cancer we
Background and Purpose: Coagulation factor XI (FXI) has an important role in the propagation and stabilization of a thrombus upon vessel injury. High FXI levels have been implicated in thrombotic diseases including ischemic stroke. The aim of our study was to investigate whether FXI gene (F11) variants are associated with ischemic stroke. Methods: The discovery sample, the Sahlgrenska Academy Stud
The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC) scientific drilling project focuses on mountain building processes in a major mid-Palaeozoic orogen in western Scandinavia and its comparison with modern analogues. The project investigates the subduction-generated Seve Nape Complex. These in part under ultra-high-pressure conditions metamorphosed outer continental margin and continent
Seabirds act as vectors transporting marine nutrients to land by feeding on fish while nesting and roosting on islands. By depositing large amounts of nutrient-rich guano on their nesting islands they strongly affect island soils, vegetation and consumers. However, few studies have investigated how nesting seabirds affect soil communities. In this study, we investigated how cormorant nesting colon
Background: Severe (PiZZ) and moderate (PiSZ) alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency predispose to lung emphysema, especially in smokers. We hypothesized that multi-slice computed tomography (CT) might be superior to pulmonary function tests (PFT) to detect lung emphysema in AAT-deficient individuals at the age of 32 years. Methods: A subgroup of PiZZ and PiSZ individuals identified during the Swedi
The aims of this work were to evaluate objective and subjective signs of autonomic dysfunction (AD) in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and to evaluate its clinical associations. In study I, 46 pSS patients and 56/80/238 autonomic nervous function test (ANT) controls participated. Objective signs of AD were evaluated using three different cardiovascular ANTs and exocrine function in
The aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding of aspects related to home, health and participation for community living people with disability and identify different groups with different needs for interventions. Study I used focus groups to explore aspects of importance for participation. Twenty-nine people with Parkinson’s Disease participated in nine focus groups. Studies II-III
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Phytoestrogens are estradiol-like natural compounds found in plants that have been associated with protective effects against chronic diseases, including some cancers, cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to estimate the dietary intake of phytoestrogens, identify their food sources and their association with lifestyle factors in the Europea
