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OBJECTIVE: We investigated the processes underlying glycemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 732 recently diagnosed patients with T2D from the Innovative Medicines Initiative Diabetes Research on Patient Stratification (IMI DIRECT) study were extensively phenotyped over 3 years, including measures of insulin sensitivity (OGIS), β-cell glucose sensiti
Background and aims: Neurotensin (NT) is an intestinal peptide released after fat ingestion, which regulates appetite and facilitates lipid absorption. Elevated plasma levels of its stable precursor pro-neurotensin (pro-NT) are associated with type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular mortality in adult populations; no data on pro-NT and metabolic disease are available in children. Aim of the st
Background and Purpose:VIM (vimentin) is a cytoskeletal intermediate filament protein, which has been linked to atherosclerosis and thrombosis; both are important causes of stroke. We examined the relationship between circulating VIM and incidence of stroke, and if carotid plaque could modify the association in a prospective population-based cohort.Methods:This prospective study was based on the M
BACKGROUND: Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) is associated with HIV-1 subtype and disease progression, but the underlying immunopathological pathways are poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate associations between innate immune responses during hyperacute HIV-1 infection (hAHI) and ARS.METHODS: Plasma samples obtained from volunteers (≥18.0 years) before and during hAHI, defined as HIV-1 antibody
Background: Dyslipidemia is a hallmark of cardiovascular disease but is characterized by crude measurements of triglycerides, HDL- and LDL cholesterol. Lipidomics enables more detailed measurements of plasma lipids, which may help improve risk stratification and understand the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Methods: Lipidomics was used to measure 184 lipids in plasma samples from the M
Aim: To test whether diabetes genetic risk modifies the association of successful lifestyle changes with incident diabetes. Materials and methods: We studied 823 individuals randomized to the intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS) arm of the Diabetes Prevention Programme who were diabetes-free 1 year after enrolment. We tested additive and multiplicative interactions of a 67-variant diabetes genet
‘The Static-99R is one of the most commonly used risk assessment instruments for individuals convicted of sexual offenses. It has been validated for use on many populations, but few studies specifically target and describe individuals with mental disorders. Additionally, research on the discriminative properties (how well the instrument separates recidivists from non-recidivists) of the instrument
Aim: We aimed to study the feasibility and tolerability of a combination therapy consisting of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-alum), Etanercept and vitamin D in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and evaluate preservation of beta cell function. Material and Methods: Etanercept Diamyd Combination Regimen is an open-labelled multi-centre study pilot trial whi
Background and aims: Histopathology is the gold standard for analysis of atherosclerotic plaques but has drawbacks due to the destructive nature of the method. Ex vivo MRI is a non-destructive method to image whole plaques. Our aim was to use quantitative high field ex vivo MRI to classify plaque components, with histology as gold standard.Methods: Surgically resected carotid plaques from 12 patie
CD59 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC). We showed previously that CD59 is highly expressed in pancreatic islets but is down-regulated in rodent models of diabetes. CD59 knockdown but not enzymatic removal of cell surface CD59 led to a loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), suggesting that an intrace
INTRODUCTION: Chemoprevention against colorectal cancer (CRC) is greatly needed. As the development of CRC involves multiple dysfunctional pathways, it is thus reasonable to combine some agents that address several pathways to achieve better chemoprotection. We aimed to explore whether the use of aspirin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)-either as monotherapy or combined-can have
Wild bee populations are threatened by current agricultural practices in many parts of the world, which may put pollination services and crop yields at risk. Loss of pollination services can potentially be predicted by models that link bee abundances with landscape‐scale land‐use, but there is little knowledge on the degree to which these statistical models are transferable across time and space. Wild bee populations are threatened by current agricultural practices in many parts of the world, which may put pollination services and crop yields at risk. Loss of pollination services can potentially be predicted by models that link bee abundances with landscape-scale land-use, but there is little knowledge on the degree to which these statistical models are transferable across time and space.
BackgroundEvaluation of emergency department (ED) performance remains a difficult task due to the lack of consensus on performance measures that reflects high quality, efficiency, and sustainability.AimTo describe, map, and critically evaluate which performance measures that the published literature regard as being most relevant in assessing overall ED performance.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guide
ObjectiveComputerized decision‐support tools may improve diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among patients presenting with chest pain at the emergency department (ED). The primary aim was to assess the predictive accuracy of machine learning algorithms based on paired high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) concentrations with varying sampling times, age, and sex in order to rule
To evaluate the diagnostic yield of the ECG criteria for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a large cohort of emergency department chest pain patients, and to determine whether extended ECG criteria or reciprocal ST depression can improve accuracy. Design: Observational, register-based diagnostic study on the accuracy of ECG criteria for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Between Jan 2010 and
Background: Contamination of drinking water by hazardous chemicals can be associated with human health risks. Recent studies using effect-based in vitro methods have demonstrated that a large part of the observed toxic effects are caused by unknown chemicals. In this study, we have used a panel of effect-based methods to study the presence of chemical contaminants in a unique material; glass-bottl
