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It is well known that the effects of direct (lethal) predator-prey interactions propagate through food webs (the trophic cascade). However, in the present study we show for the first time that, parallel to the trophic cascade, there exists a behavioral cascade in the sense that behavioral responses, induced by the nonlethal presence of a top predator, are transmitted down the food chain over more

Background. Gynecologic examination is a common measure in reproductive health care. Many women experience the examination as a more or less negative event, with shortcomings in the examiner's behavior. The aim of the study was to describe, in terms of critical incidences, women's experiences concerning the personnel's behavior in the situation of gynecologic examination. Methods. The informants w

Previous time-use research suggests that it is highly relevant for an occupational therapist to estimate time use and occupational engagement in order to understand some of the determinants of wellbeing for people with schizophrenia. This article describes the development and the testing of the psychometric properties of an instrument, Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Schizophren

Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone, the circulating levels of which correlate closely with overall adiposity. Although rare mutations in the leptin (LEP) gene are well known to cause leptin deficiency and severe obesity, no common loci regulating circulating leptin levels have been uncovered. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of circulating leptin levels from 32,1

Background: Girls adopted from developing countries often have early or precocious puberty, requiring treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues. During such treatment, decreased growth velocity is frequent. Aim: To study whether the addition of growth hormone (GH) to GnRH analogue treatment improves final height in girls with early or precocious puberty. Methods: Forty-six gi

Compared to monolingual first language acquisition (L1) and adult second language acquisition (aL2), relatively little research has been done on child second language acquisition (cL2). This is an unsatisfactory situation from both a practical and a theoretical point of view. The present study concerns cL2 acquisition of French and poses the question whether cL2 acquisition bears closer resemblanc

Operation of a district heating system is accomplished via a sequence of decisions by the operators controlling the system. These decisions are based on expectations of conditions in the system that are not known at decision time. The operators could be helped by a decision support system that computes predictions of future system variables and suggests appropriate control actions given the availa