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The incidence and prevalence of heart failure (HF) has increased successively over the past decade. Mortality and morbidity is high. It is the most common cause of hospitalisation in the elderly and has been estimated to account for 1-3% of health care costs in many countries. There is a need therefore, to improve care for HF patients. However, due to limited economic resources, this must be done
Deep cuts in carbon emissions to avoid dangerous climatic change will require fundamental transformations of the energy and transport systems. This is an enormous challenge for society and the political system. In order to tackle this challenge, we argue that it will be necessary to develop new institutions and institutional practices that address and give priority to long-term climate policy obje
This thesis deals with how computationally effective lattice models could be used for inference of data with a continuous spatial index. The fundamental idea is to approximate a Gaussian field with a Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) on a lattice. Using a bilinear interpolation at non-lattice locations we get a reasonable model also at non-lattice locations. We can thus exploit the computational
In order to define critical situations in which speed adaptation is unsatisfactory a number of traffic safety researchers from 20 countries were asked to rate the seriousness of various situations. The proportion of injury accidents in the different situations were also considered. Expert judgements, the high proportion of injury accidents and the increased accident risks compared to "normal" cond
Abstract in UndeterminedThe aim of this paper is to argue for the need of democratic control of expert committees generally and ethical expert committees specifically. Expert committees including ethical expert committees with the commission to give advice to political decision-makers are often criticized for not being democratic. This criticism point at different aspects of expert committees: com
The legislated goals for Master of Science in Engineering educations include goals like having the ability to critically, independently and creatively identify, formulate and handle complex problems as well as participate in research and development work and thus contribute to knowledge development. One might therefore argue that these educations are required to promote a deep approach to learning
In our experience, doctoral supervision seminars and training (and associated literature) focus the supervisor-student relationship to an extent largely leaving aspects of learning, enculturation and subject discipline aside. In 2006-2008 we therefore developed and implemented a 3-week programme compulsory for new primary research supervisors (docent degree) with a wider scope, at the faculties E
Queer/ed children and young people inhabit a space that seems nicely delineated by shamed biographies, fearful prospects and ignorance. In mainstream accounts, queer/ed children and young people are often un/represented through invisibility or drama, between exoticism and pity. ‘Children’ and notions of ‘the best interest of the child’ are used to dramatize and limit societal negotiations of sexua
Several studies have demonstrated a link between diabetes and the dysfunction of the inner ear. Few studies, however, have reported the signalling mechanisms involved in metabolic control in human inner ear cells. Knowledge of the expression and role of the insulin receptor and downstream signalling components in the inner ear is sparce. Our immunohistochemistry approach has shown that the insulin
The role of inflammation in atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability is well recognized. However, it is only during recent years it has become evident that this inflammation is modulated by immune responses against plaque antigens such as oxidized LDL. Interestingly, both protective and pathogenic immune responses exist and experimental data from animal studies suggest that modulation of these imm
Objective: To assess associations and genotype x treatment interactions for melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) locus variants and obesity-related traits. Design and Methods: Diabetes prevention program (DPP) participants (N = 3,819, of whom 3,356 were genotyped for baseline and 3,234 for longitudinal analyses) were randomized into intensive lifestyle modification (diet, exercise, weight loss), metform
Popular AbstractSveriges relativa välstånd kan vi till stor del tacka skogen för. Skogen har ända sedan industrialiseringen började ta fart i Sverige bidragit med betydande exportinkomster. För att bevara den inkomstkälla skogen utgör måste vi se till att det skogsbruk som bedrivs är uthålligt och tar hänsyn till såväl ekonomiska som biologiska och sociala aspekter. Skogsproduktionen ska med andraIt took 70-80 years to realize the width of the impact of industrialization on the forest ecosystems since a forest ecosystem is a "slow system" as seen from a human perspective. An anticipated future climate change and increasing carbon dioxide and ozone levels will change the conditions even more with time and the widely used statistical forest growth models will not be applicable anymore. Compu
Essential to this paper is the recognition of the "privileged status our culture accords written discourse", which is discussed against the background of "the variety of ways in which we represent our realities" (Chaplin, 1994, p. 277), the power of representations to influence perceptions (Jacob, 1989) and the ever-growing importance of communities of shared meaning (Delanty, 2002). Jenks' argume
Purpose of this paper The paper describes and examines the information flow in three fish supply chains, when the package is treated as an information carrier. Included is an evaluation of two supply chain mapping techniques for examining the interfaces for the achievement of better traceability and by this supply chain and logistic efficiency. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on
Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have been associated with diseases of both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, but so far evidence on HEV infection in human pancreas has been reported only in islets and ductal cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of echovirus strains to infect human exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells.
Psychological stress has been reported as a possible trigger of atrial fibrillation (AF). No studies have investigated whether any association between stress and AF could be modified by genetic susceptibility to AF (AF-genetic risk score (AF-GRS)). 8765 men and 13,543 women from the Malmö Diet Cancer Study, a population-based cohort, were included in the analyses. A variable representing stress wa
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a general school-based exercise intervention programme in pre-pubertal boys would render site-specific benefits in bone mineral accrual and gain in femoral neck structure. Methods: Eighty boys aged 7-9 years were included in a curriculum-based exercise intervention programme comprising 40 min of general physical activity per school day (200 min/week) f
