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CDKN2a mutation-negative melanoma families have increased risk exclusively for skin cancers but not for other malignancies.

Germline CDKN2A mutations are found in 5-20% of melanoma families. Numerous studies have shown that carriers of CDKN2A mutations have increased risks of non-melanoma cancers, but so far there have been no studies investigating cancer risks in CDKN2A wild type (wt) melanoma families. In this prospective cohort study, index melanoma cases (n = 224) and their first-degree relatives (n = 944) were ide

Long-term treatment with low-dose metoprolol CR/XL is associated with increased plaque echogenicity: The Beta-blocker Cholesterol-lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS).

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether the decrease in IMT progression rate in the carotid bulb induced by metoprolol CR/XL treatment (25mg once daily) observed in the β-blocker Cholesterol-lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS) was accompanied by an effect on carotid plaque echogenicity. METHODS: Gray scale median (GSM) in carotid plaques, used as a score of echogenicity, was measured at baseline and

Laser therapy for refractory discoid lupus erythematosus when everything else has failed

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is restricted to the skin, mostly the face, often chronic and disfiguring. Standard medical therapies include topical corticosteroids and antimalarials. This is a retrospective long-term follow-up of refractory DLE treated with different lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL). Methods and materials : Sixteen patients with histologically confirmed DLE pa

MicroRNA-dependent regulation of KLF4 by glucose in vascular smooth muscle

Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and this is in part due to the effects of hyperglycemia on vascular smooth muscle cells. Small non-coding microRNAs are known to control smooth muscle phenotype and arterial contractility and are dysregulated in diabetes. The effect of microRNAs on smooth muscle differentiation is in part mediated by the transcription factor KLF4 but the r

The rationale for a novel non-suicidal self-injury prevention program for youth

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is self-inflicted physical harm that is associated with suicidality, although it is not an expression of suicidal intent. NSSI behaviours range from minor skin scratching to injury requiring medical attention, and in extreme cases, death. NSSI is understood as an effort to modulate emotion in times of crisis and distress. Causal models have been developed for self-h

Understanding and preventing type 1 diabetes through the unique working model of TrialNet

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease arising from the destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells. The disease represents a continuum, progressing sequentially at variable rates through identifiable stages prior to the onset of symptoms, through diagnosis and into the critical periods that follow, culminating in a variable depth of beta cell depletion. The ability to identify the ve

Voice and swallowing after total laryngectomy

Background: Voice and swallowing problems are often seen in patients with advanced larynx cancer, after total laryngectomy (TL) and chemo/radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of voice and swallowing problems in patients who have been laryngectomised and investigate if these symptoms were related to age, time after TL, radiotherapy and TNM-classification. In addition,

Temperature performance and food shelf-life accuracy in cold food supply chains – Insights from multiple field studies

A challenge in perishable food industry today is variable and unknown food quality caused by different temperature conditions. This sometimes leads to unreliable printed shelf lives (best before dates) and food waste. Hence, temperature monitoring and control along cold food supply chains (FSCs) are essential for maintaining food quality and safety of perishable food products. This paper evaluates

Effect of single-dose DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on β-cell function and incretin hormone secretion after meal ingestion in healthy volunteers and drug-naïve, well-controlled type 2 diabetes subjects

To explore the effects of a single dose of the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on glucose-standardized insulin secretion and β-cell glucose sensitivity after meal ingestion, 12 healthy and 12 drug-naïve, well-controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects (mean HbA1c 43mmol/mol, 6.2%) received sitagliptin (100mg) or placebo before a meal (525kcal). β-cell function was measured as the insulin secretory rate

Ostomy-related complications after emergent abdominal surgery a 2-year follow-up study

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate ostomy-related complications and describe ostomy configuration in patients undergoing acute abdominal surgery. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The study sample comprised 144 patients with a median age of 67 years (IOR: 53.5-78 years) who underwent an intestinal ostomy as part of an acute abdominal surgical procedure. The research setting was the s

Habits and self-assessed quality of life, negative intrusive thoughts and depressed mood in patients with prostate cancer : a longitudinal study

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of self-assessed preoperative physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking with self-assessed quality of life, negative intrusive thoughts and depressed mood after radical prostatectomy. Materials and methods: The Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Robot Open (LAPPRO) trial was a prospective, controlled, non-randomized longitudinal tri

Is Obesity More Than a Double Burden among People with Mobility Disability? : The Effect of Obesity on HRQoL and Participation in Society

Obesity is more common in individuals with mobility disability than in those without this condition. Individuals with mobility disability also have lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and are limited in their participation in society. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the body mass index (BMI) status and the association of overweight or obesity on HRQoL and participation in socie

Correlation of seminar attendance and written examinations in medical education

Objectives: The parts of constructive alignment, i.e. learning objectives, activities and assessment are crucial for good learning outcomes. However, they must constantly be evaluated so as to verify the alignment. Our aim was to investigate if attendance to our casebased seminars in family medicine contributed to exam performance and whether gender had any impact for undergraduate students at the

Home setting after stroke, facilitators and barriers : A systematic literature review

This paper seeks to improve the understanding of the interaction between patients with stroke and the physical environment in their home settings. Stroke care is increasingly performed in the patient's home. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to identify the existing knowledge about facilitators and barriers in the physical environment of home settings for the stroke rehabilitation proce

Spectacular, realisable and ‘everyday’ : Exploring the particularities of sustainable planning in Malmö

‘Sustainability’, often presented through an ecological–economic–social triad, is today one of spatial planning’s absolute key concepts (and key priorities). But it is also a highly contested concept, whose meaning is often considered evasive or vague. In this paper, we try to counterweigh such evasiveness by putting emphasis on the material landscape produced within a project that is frequently d