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Stroke is the most common life-threatening neurological disease and ranks as the third leading cause of death in major industrialized countries. It is also the leading cause of serious long-term disability and about sixty percent of survivors have disabilities in their extremities. Recovery of certain neurological functions occurs over time, which has been attributed to endogenous restorative proc
The Malmö Preventive Project, a preventive, case-finding programme for cardiovascular risk factors and alcohol abuse was created in 1974 at the Department of Preventive Medicine of Malmö University Hospital. Between 1974-1992, a total of 22 444 men (mean age 44 years range 27 - 61) and 10 902 women (mean age 50 years, range 28 - 58) attended the programme, with an overall attendance rate of 70% (r
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG-triplet expansion in the gene encoding the protein huntingtin. The disease typically starts in mid-life and progresses for 15-20 years. To date no effective treatment is available for curing the disease. HD primarily affects the striatum, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. At later stages cell death is evident in the striatum
The cells of higher organisms exist in a complex protein network, the extracellular matrix (ECM), which has a wide variety of different components such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans and carbohydrates. As well as being the physical scaffold on which the cells are dependent for their positioning and mobility, the ECM exercises control over the cells, and changes in the matrix will affect the adhes
Denna avhandling undersöker empiriskt hur rätten och andra mekanismer för social kontroll under tvångsförsäljning i Sverige är betingade av skillnader i social status. Avhandlingen vilar på den amerikanske sociologen Donald Blacks teori om social kontroll för att förklara denna sociala betingelse. Enligt Black är det möjligt att förklara variationer i olika mekanismer för social kontroll med varia
During the last decade it has been shown that nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are produced in our own body, and that they constitute a novel class of messenger molecules. In 1992 a constitutive NO-producing NO-synthase (cNOS) was found in the islets of Langerhans, and in 1997 we could show for the first time that the islets also contained a CO-producing constitutive heme oxygenase (HO-2
The aim of this thesis was to investigate and describe different aspects of variation in the Dactylorhiza maculata complex and to relate the variation patterns to underlying biological processes such as Quaternary migration history, hybridization and polyploid evolution. The variation patterns were analysed at various geographic levels using molecular markers (plastid DNA and ITS of nrDNA), cytolo
All natural populations fluctuate in space and time. These fluctuations are a result of internal dynamic processes, and of a variable environment. To understand how and why population fluctuate, one has to understand the nature of the internal demographic processes as well as how a variable environment affects these processes and how they act in concert to generate population fluctuations. This th
Hairdressers have an increased risk for developing airway symptoms e.g. asthma and rhinitis. Persulfate salts, which are oxidizing agents present in bleaching powder, are considered to be important causal agents for these symptoms. The underlying mechanisms are unclear and efficient tools for risk assessment and diagnosis are scarce. The general aim of this thesis was to measure proteomic changes,
Airborne particles are everywhere around us, and have always been. Particles generated by human activities has increased drastically since industrialization, and several epidemiological studies have shown that inhaled particles can cause adverse health effects. The concern about health effects have during the last decade shifted towards fine and ultrafine particles, not least due to the emerging f
The interaction between an intense laser pulse and a gas medium leads to the emission of coherent bursts of light in the extreme ultraviolet range. This process, known as high-order harmonic generation, has today, almost three decades after its discovery, developed into a reliable source of extremely short (on the order of 100 as) pulses of electromagnetic radiation, with a wide range of applicati
The available bandwidth in wireless communication systems, such as the 802.11 family, is very limited. Together with the ever increasing data traffic, this causes problems. New possibilities are, however, available thanks to wide license-free bandwidth allocated at higher frequencies. Increased available bandwidth enables higher data rates in future radio systems that will be capable of Giga-bit/s
This thesis concerns a numerical investigation on heat transfer in internal combustion engines, with the aim of increasing engine efficiency. The efficiency gains are to be extracted from reduced heat transfer losses, by increasing the knowledge on how the heat transfer process is affected by various hardware and operational parameters in the engine. The engines concerned are both conventional die
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder with the characteristic symptoms itching, sneezing, secretion and blockage upon allergen contact. In addition to the local inflammation in the nose, there is a systemic component that influences peripheral blood, bone marrow and lungs. The immune system is conventionally divided into innate and acquired (adaptive) immunity. The former is important in
After an introductory chapter, the hypothesis is made in chapter two: that central bank power to control the rate of inflation rests on the bank’s ability to achieve a role as a focal point for inflation. Inflation is a measure of changes in the general price level, the price level is an index of individual prices, and to predict future price levels is thus to predict future prices on individual i
Popular science Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are a versatile group of non-methane hydrocarbons (chemical compounds made of carbon and hydrogen) emitted by vegetation. The most common BVOCs from plants are some chemical compounds like isoprene, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. BVOCs are involved in plant growth, reproduction and defense mechanisms. Besides, BVOC play an important rol
Extant research within the entrepreneurial marketing field has typically focused on the migration away from traditional marketing concepts while mostly ignoring the inclusion of branding as a fundamental principle of marketing. This paper is specifically interested in the often overlooked element of a young firm’s ability (or lack thereof) to control its brand and brand identity as perceived by it
Introduction: Dental caries among preschool children is a global problem, a burden on children’s well-being, and an economic burden on healthcare systems. In Sweden, preschool children with an immigrant background have a higher prevalence of caries. Extensive treatment need and long-standing poor oral health may require dental treatment within hospital care. This study aimed to investigate whether
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, AAA, is mainly a silent disease that mainly affects elderly males with a history of tobacco use, but when rupture occur most affected dies. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has made it possible to treat more fragile and elderly patients with advanced co-morbidities. The benefit of EVAR might be questionable in relation to all cause mortality in some patients. Hence,
