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Was the wage burden too heavy? - Settler farming, wages and the profitability of settler agriculture in colonial Malawi, c 1900-1960

The historical role of European farming in southern and central Africa is a delicate matter that has received a great deal of attention among scholars over the years. Going through this vast literature a striking consensus emerges: success or failure of European farming in southern Africa was to a large extent depending on their access and control over labour. These propositions have so far never

Optimal Wigner Cross-Spectrum Estimation

An expression for the mean-square error (MSE) optimal Wigner cross-spectrum estimator is derived within a wide class of estimators. Using this expression and a simplemodel we are able to construct a new estimator which turns out to be superior compared to standard estimators such as Thomson multitapers and Welch method on simulated data.

EFFECTS OF MANY-BODY INTERACTIONS IN EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY (EXAFS)

Abstract : We present the first a priori derivation of a many-body theory for EXAFS with clearly defined approximations and with final expressions which are feasible for quantitative evaluations. We conclude that the conventional EXAFS expression should be complemented with a term that crudely is the main term, energy-shifted and scaled down by a factor of order 0.2-0.3. Further the f-factors depe