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The introduction of TNF- alpha -inhibiting biologicals has been a major therapeutic breakthrough in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Against a background of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug experience, this review focuses on present experiences and possible future developments. TNF inhibition results in profound improvement in the majority of rheumatoid arthritis patients, but non-re
We examined the gliding flight performance of a jackdaw Corvus monedula in a wind tunnel. The jackdaw was able to glide steadily at speeds between 6 and 11 m s(-1). The bird changed its wingspan and wing area over this speed range, and we measured the so-called glide super-polar, which is the envelope of fixed-wing glide polars over a range of forward speeds and sinking speeds. The glide super-pol
Det finns många goda skäl att för olika socialpolitikområden göra jämförelser mellan de nordiska länderna. Detta gäller inte minst för äldreomsorgen. Tillförlitliga studier kräver jämförbar statistik. Den nordiska statistiken inom äldreområdet är emellertid disparat avseende begrepp, insamlingsmetoder och redovisningsmått. Ansvariga statistikmyndigheter borde sträva efter att enhetliggöra statisti
A celebrated theorem in operator theory is A. Beurling's description of the invariant subspaces in $H^2$ in terms of inner functions [Acta Math. {\bf81} (1949), 239--255; MR0027954 (10,381e)]. To do the same thing for the Bergman space $L^2_a$ has been deemed virtually impossible by many analysts, in view of the fact that the lattice of invariant subspaces is so large, and that the invariant subsp
The Furuta pendulum consists of an arm rotating in the horizontal plane and a pendulum attached to its end. Rotation of the arm is controlled by a DC motor, while the pendulum is moving freely in the plane, orthogonal to the arm. Motivated, in particular, by possible applications for walking/running/balancing robots, we consider the Furuta pendulum as a system for which synchronized periodic motio
Nitric oxide (NO) has concentration-dependent biphasic myocardial contractile effects. We tested the hypothesis, in isolated rat hearts, that NO cardiostimulation is primarily non-cGMP dependent. Infusion of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 10(-5) M), which may participate in S-nitrosylation (S-NO) via peroxynitrite formation, increased the rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt; 19 +/- 4%,
In order to reconstruct the late Pleistocene seismic stratigraphy, 550 km of high-density 3.5 kHz subbottom seismic-reflection profiles were recorded within a 70 km(2) area in the narrow offshore border zone between Germany and Denmark. A depositional unit 3 was analysed for its seismic facies association, and in the central study area mound, oblique, channel, reflection-free, shingled, hummocky,
The existence of an osteotropic hormone (referred to as gastrocalcin) in the ECL cells of the gastric mucosa has been suggested. Both gastrin and an extract of the oxyntic mucosa lower blood Ca2+ and stimulate Ca2+ uptake into bone. The ECL cells are known to operate under gastrin control and, conceivably, gastrin lowers blood Ca2+ indirectly by releasing the hypothetical ECL cell hormone. We have
An educational programme on the use of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care, initiated among district physicians at the Community Health Centre of Hoor, Sweden in 1985, resulted in an overall reduction in prescriptions for antibiotics, particularly broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of the programme on antib
Background: Old people's life situation when receiving municipal help and care in their last period of life is sparsely investigated from their own perspective. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of aspects that bring about a good life in the last phase of life among people (75 + years) receiving municipal care. Participants: Older people living in a municipality i
International reference materials such as International Standard reagents facilitate quality assurance of essential biopharmaceutical products and related in vitro diagnostic tests. Standardization of antibody and DNA measurements and harmonization of laboratory procedures are key to the success of cancer prevention strategies through screening methods as well as for development and implementation
The cyclic flow of the Dosin((R)) is useful in interventional radiology since it prevents clotting and increases the mixing with the blood. The flow rate varies from 0.03 mL/s to 5 mL/s and it is recommended to use fluid with a viscosity lower than 3 mPa.s. The outlet pressure is recommended below 300 mm Hg. The Dosin((R)) must be replaced after each patient, alternatively after maximum 24h contin
Brewing and wine production are among the oldest technologies and their products are almost indispensable in our lives. The central biological agents of beer and wine fermentation are yeasts belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, which can accumulate ethanol. Recent advances in comparative genomics and bioinformatics have made it possible to elucidate when and why yeasts produce ethanol in high con
This study was aimed at finding a correlation between the experienced off-flavor in packaged foods and the presence of specific degradation products in PE packaging films. The possibility to trap degradation products by chemical reactions with scavengers, that is, zeolites and maleic anhydride grafted LLDPE, were investigated. This trapping would prevent the degradation products from migrating to
The effect of the blend ratio of water-insoluble ethyl cellulose (EC) and water-soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC-LF), on the properties of sprayed films and on the drug release mechanism of formulations coated with the material was investigated. When the original HPC-LF content exceeded 22%, both the amount of HPC-LF leached out and the water permeability of the films increased drastically whe
The c-myc proto-oncogene was analyzed in 311 cases of primary breast cancer, in 8% of which it was found to be amplified, usually at moderately increased copy number (2-5 copies). The adjacent pvt gene was co-amplified with c-myc in all tumors analyzed. C-myc amplification was significantly correlated to a high S-phase fraction and to amplification of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene. Weak relationship
In addition to proton-pumping complex I, plant mitochondria contain several type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in the electron transport chain. The extra enzymes allow the nonenergy-conserving electron transfer from cytoplasmic and matrix NAD(P)H to ubiquinone. We have investigated the type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase gene families in Arabidopsis. This model plant contains two and four genes closely rela
